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Abstract
A new aeroaquatic helicosporous hyphomycete, Helicoon maioricensis, from submerged decaying leaves in a small oligotrophic pond in an evergreen oak woodland in Mallorca, Spain is described and illustrated with scanning electron micrographs. The new species forms conspicuous colonies with much branched and minutely roughened anastomosing hyphae both in vivo and in vitro as well as dark fuscous to black subglobose conidia that are borne singly on short conidiophores. The new species is compared with H. pluriseptatum. A dichotomous and a synoptic key to the 16 species in the genus are provided.