Taxonomy and phylogeny of Pyrrhoderma: a redefinition, the segregation of Fulvoderma, gen. nov., and identifying four new species

ABSTRACT

Previously, Pyrrhoderma accommodated two polypore species, P. adamantinum and P. scaurum; however, phylogenetic studies indicated that these two species were not congeneric within the Hymenochaetaceae and that P. adamantinum formed a clade with Phellinidium noxium. To resolve the relationships among the two species of Pyrrhoderma and other related taxa, specimens from China, Costa Rica, Singapore, and Thailand were studied from both morphological and phylogenetic perspectives. A new genus, Fulvoderma, is erected to accommodate F. scaurum comb. nov., and a new species, F. australe (the generic type). Pyrrhoderma is delimited to include the generic type, P. sendaiense (a later synonym of P. adamantinum); two new combinations, P. lamaënse comb. nov., and P. noxium comb. nov.; and three new species, P. hainanense, P. thailandicum, and P. yunnanense. In addition, an undescribed lineage including several specimens from subtropical and tropical forests in China, Costa Rica, Singapore, and Thailand also nested within the Pyrrhoderma clade. However, as the voucher specimens are sterile or almost so, they are not described. The concept of Pyrrhoderma was emended to also accommodate species bearing resupinate, effuse-reflexed basidiocarps, hymenial or hyphoid setae, and non-subglobose basidiospores. Keys to Fulvoderma and Pyrrhoderma are provided.

KEY WORDS:

• Basidiomycota
• Hymenochaetaceae
• Phellinidium
• polypore
• wood-inhabiting fungi
• 8 new taxa

Acknowledgments

LWZ is grateful to Profs. Zuo-Hong Chen (Hunan Normal University, China), Ping Zhang (Hunan Normal University, China), Bao-Kai Cui (BJFC, China), and Hai-Sheng Yuan (IFP, China), Drs. Zheng-Hui Li (South-Central University for Nationalities, China), Shuang-Hui He (BJFC, China), Fang Wu (BJFC, China), and Wen-Min Qin (IFP, China), and Ms. Oratai Euatrakool (Thailand) for their joining and arranging the field trips. Drs. Leho Tedersoo (University of Tartu, Estonia) and Kadri Pärtel (TAAM, Estonia) are thanked for a loan of the specimen TAAM 98959.

Additional information

Funding

The research was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (project nos. 31530002 and 31570014), Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (no. 2017240), and Czech Republic Academy of Sciences institutional support (RVO: 60077344).