Bibliography of research from the Winchmore Irrigation Research Station, Canterbury, New Zealand: 1951 to 2011

Abstract

This annotated bibliography presents 434 journal and conference papers, technical reports and bulletins and guides published from 1951 to 2011 as a result of research carried out at the Winchmore Irrigation Research Station.

Keywords:

• animal production
• crop production
• entomology
• fertilisers
• pasture production
• soil research
• bibliography

Introduction

Winchmore Irrigation Research Station, located 16 km northwest of Ashburton in mid-Canterbury, New Zealand, was established in the late 1940s to investigate the benefits of irrigation and phosphate fertiliser for pasture and crop production, and sheep and beef farming. Data records now span 60 years for the long-term trials and are proving invaluable for the isolation of trends over time. In addition, a large number of short-term trials have been conducted studying topics of current interest. Those that have worked at this unique research farm have provided a wealth of outputs disseminated in peer-reviewed science journals such as the New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research and the New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture, agricultural and horticultural trade magazines such as the New Zealand Journal of Agriculture and New Zealand Commercial Grower, conference proceedings such as the New Zealand Grassland Association, the Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand and the Proceedings of the New Zealand Animal Production Society.

This bibliography builds on those compiled by DS Rickard and JR Proffitt, and supplementary lists provided by AK Metherell (Ravensdown Fertiliser) and RA Moss (AgResearch). Academic papers, bulletins, technical reports, miscellaneous publications and guides are listed. Brief summaries of research outputs were recorded in the annual reports of the New Zealand Department of Agriculture, the New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries and reports to the Advisory Committee of the Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. However, these are not included in this bibliography. Material written for newspapers, popular agricultural publications and confidential reports is also not included. Entries are loosely classified by subject as animal production, irrigation, pasture and crop production, soil research, and entomology.

In collating this bibliography, some annotations were made to summarise and highlight areas of research. However, placing a value on the publications herein would involve a degree of subjectivity. As a compromise, we called upon those involved in the work to offer their opinion. Fortunately, two long-serving staff members at Winchmore also contributed to the special issue. Mr Don Rickard offered his opinion by adding some additional history to that given by Rickard & Moss (2012).1 To summarise, Don was of the opinion that the introduction of irrigation into Canterbury was not fully accepted by the farming community. Some of the concerns were that irrigation water would leach nutrients from the soil, irrigation water would lower the soil temperature, pasture persistence would be poor and the widespread use of irrigation in mid-Canterbury would give rise to water-logging near the coast. Some readers may contest that there was an element of truth to some of these concerns. However, Don lists the following (in no particular order) as among some of the main achievements of the Winchmore Irrigation Research Station.

1.	The establishment of a dairy farm at the station in 1949 contributed, via field days and advisory officers, a great deal to the establishment of dairying in Canterbury.
2.	That permanent pasture could be established under irrigation and give information on (a) the effect on pasture production and seasonal distributions of pasture species and the reliability of pasture production and (b) the importance of phosphorus (in various forms) and sulphur to soil fertility, and the residual effects of fertiliser.
3.	That, in addition to dairying, intensive sheep, beef and deer production were viable on shallow, stony, Canterbury soils under irrigation.
4.	That an efficient and cheap system of automatic watering could be established using border-strip (also called border-dyke or border-check) methods.
5.	That a wide variety of crops including lucerne, wheat and barley could be grown under irrigation.

However, the value of the Winchmore Irrigation Research Station should be measured in more than just the publications listed below. The development of an automated border-strip irrigation system was an example whereby uptake was facilitated by direct demonstration to farmers and advisors and not placed in publications. Don notes that prior to this, farmers would have to ‘wrestle with moving heavy wooden frames covered with equally heavy tarpaulins (in a howling Canterbury Nor'wester!)’. Similarly, the results of the intensive sheep production facility (S block) were communicated directly to farmers, but Don noted that in 1951 when it carried 14.8 ewes and their lambs per hectare, the only publication of the results was via the media: The Christchurch Press citing it as ‘incredible’. Needless to say, the extension efforts and publications produced from the Winchmore Irrigation Research Station have contributed to profitable and sustainable farming in Canterbury and further afield.

Animal production

Following the installation of border-strip (flood irrigation) systems at Winchmore, animal research focused on improving productivity, initially for sheep farming and subsequently dairy cattle, beef and deer production systems. Stocking rates, carrying capacities, feed requirements, nutrient deficiencies, sheep fertility, liveweights, mixed goat and sheep grazing, are just some of the topics that were investigated at Winchmore.

1.	Beetham MR 1972. Beef production and winter feeding. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 124: 26–29.
2.	Bray AR 1984. Lamb live weights at slaughter and carcass grades. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 44: 223–225.
3.	Bray AR, Moss RA, Burton RN, Taylor AG 1985. Leanness of lamb carcasses following restricted feeding and shearing. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 45: 89–91.
4.	Bray AR, Burton RN, Cox BT 1987. Magnesium supplementation of lactating ewes and lamb growth. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 35: 55–57.
5.	Bray AR, Moss RA, Burton RN 1987. Barley consumption by lambs during transfer from pasture to barley-based diets. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 47: 17–19.
6.	Bray AR, Moss RA, Burton RN 1987. Food consumption by lambs. Proceedings of the 4th Animal Science Congress of the Asian–Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies.
7.	Bray AR, Taylor AG 1987. Leanness of lamb carcases before and after winter. Proceedings of the 4th Animal Science Congress of the Asian–Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies.
8.	Bray AR, Burton RN 1988. Effect of time of day at paddock change on the proportion of ewes giving birth in daytime. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 31: 129–131.
9.	Bray AR 1988. Farm factors that influence the eating qualities of lamb meat. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 48: 7–12.
10.	Bray AR, Taylor AG, Burton RN, Moss RA 1988. Leanness of young sheep that lost weight after shearing. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 48: 37–39.
11.	Bray AR, Graafhuis AE, Chrystall BB 1989. The cumulative effect of nutritional, shearing and preslaughter washing stresses on the quality of lamb meat. Meat Science 25: 59–67.
12.	Bray AR, Moss RA, Burton RN 1991. Alternatives and supplements to pasture for growing lambs in winter. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 51: 249–253.
13.	Burton RN, Saville DJ, Bray AR, Moss RA 1990. Prediction of ewe litter size using udder scores, liveweights, and condition scores. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 33: 41–48.
14.	Fraser TJ, Moss RA, Daly MJ, Knight TL 1999. The effect of pasture species on lamb performance in dryland systems. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 61: 23–29.
15.	Fraser TJ, Saville DJ 2000. The effect of weaning weight on subsequent lamb growth rates. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 62: 75–79.
16.	Hill MK, Walker SO, Taylor AG 1969. Effects of ‘marginal’ deficiencies of copper and selenium on growth and productivity of sheep. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 12: 261–270.
17.	Kirton AH, Moss RA, Taylor AG 1971. Weight losses from milk and weaned lambs in mid Canterbury resulting from different lengths of starvation before slaughter. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 14: 149–160.
18.	Knight TL 1987. Sheep production on dryland lucerne. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 48: 207–210.
19.	Knight TL, Moss RA, Fraser TJ, Rowarth JS, Burton RN 1996. Effect of pasture species on internal parasites of lambs. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 58: 59–62.
20.	Mackay AD, Harrison T, Moss RA, Fraser TJ, Rhodes AP, Cadwallader D, Fisher MW, Webby R 2001. Moving towards low-chemical and caring farming systems. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 63: 279–282.
21.	McPherson GK 1952. Dairying on Canterbury light land with aid of irrigation. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 84: 225–227.
22.	Morton JD, McBride SD 2004. Drying-off thinner cows earlier in late lactation – is it beneficial? Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 66: 177–181.
23.	Moss R 1976. Sheep production high on irrigated pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 133: 45–49.
24.	Moss RA 1986. Production of an old irrigated pasture. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 48: 215–216.
25.	Moss RA 1987. Effects of herbage allowance on gummy ewe and sound-mouthed ewe performances during early–mid pregnancy. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 30: 477–480.
26.	Moss RA, Vlassoff A 1993. Effect of herbage species on gastro-intestinal roundworm populations and their distribution. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 36: 371–375.
27.	Moss RA, Burton RN, Morton JD 1996. Border-strip irrigation strategies for dairying in Canterbury with a restricted water supply. Dairyfarming Annual, Palmerston North, New Zealand 48: 13–21.
28.	Moss RA, Burton RN, Scales GH, Saville DJ 1998. Effect of cattle grazing strategies and pasture species on internal parasites of sheep. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 41: 533–544.
29.	Moss RA, Fraser TJ, Daly MJ, Knight TL, Carson DG 2000. The effect of pasture species on pasture and animal performances in irrigated systems. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 62: 59–66.
30.	Moss RA, Dynes RA, Goulter CL, Saville DJ 2009. Forward creep grazing of lambs to increase liveweight gain and post-weaning resistance to endoparasites. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 52: 399–406.
31.	Radcliffe JE, Francis SM 1987. Goat farming practices on high producing pastures. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 49: 29–32.
32.	Scales GH, Moss RA 1976. Mating ewes on lucerne. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 132: 21–22.
33.	Scales GH, Stevenson JR 1976. Nutrition of the beef breeding cow. Proceedings of the Ruakura Farmers’ Conference 28: 45–48.
34.	Scales GH, Rogers JM, Barry TN, Webb PR 1976. Wintering beef weaners on lucerne silage and hay. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 132: 41–43.
35.	Scales GH, Moss RA, Kelly RW 1977. Reproductive performance of ewes mated on lucerne. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 37: 152–157.
36.	Scales GH, Stevenson JR, Platt MP 1977. The influence of pre- and post-calving nutrition on beef cow and calf performance. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 37: 96–102.
37.	Scales GH, Taylor AG 1978. Compensatory growth of beef cattle. Proceedings New Zealand Society of Animal Production 38: 141.
38.	Scales GH, Moss RA, Burton RN 1981. Summer ill-thrift in lambs. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 41: 112–116.
39.	Scales GH, Burton RN, Moss RA 1986. Lamb mortality birthweight and nutrition in late pregnancy. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 29: 75–82.
40.	Scales GH 1993. Carcass fatness in lambs grazing various forages at different rates of liveweight gain. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 36: 243–251.
41.	Scales GH, Knight TL, Saville DJ 1995. Effect of herbage and feeding level on internal parasites and production performance of grazing lambs. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 38: 237–247.
42.	Scott JDJ, Walker SD 1963. Stocking rates on Canterbury farms. Proceedings of Lincoln College Farmers’ Conference 13: 40–45.
43.	Sumner RMW, Clarke JN, Cullen NG 2007. Effect of divergent selection for wool bulk on live weight and wool characteristics in Perendale sheep. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 67: 180–186.
44.	Taylor AG 1976. Effect of stocking rate on pasture production under irrigation and growth of young cattle. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 37: 104–113.
45.	Taylor AG, Scales GH 1985. Effects of level of hay conservation on beef production. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 13: 155–161.
46.	Taylor AG 1986. In an all beef system hay and production may clash. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 151: 32–33.
47.	Walker SD 1955. Investigations of dryland farming methods. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 90: 383–384.
48.	Walker SD 1968. Some factors influencing the growth of lambs on irrigated pasture: selenium administration; anthelmintic drenching; time of weaning; level of feed availability. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 28: 41–48.
49.	Walker SD, Lobb WR 1968. Beef production: potential and output in mid-Canterbury. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 30: 94–101.

Irrigation

The New Zealand Department of Agriculture's primary objective for mid-Canterbury dryland was to increase agricultural production through efficient water management, and hence was the main reason for establishing a research centre focused on irrigation at Winchmore. Literature from Winchmore has covered the practical aspects of design engineering for flood, border-strip, centre-pivot systems, irrigation on-farm systems management and maintenance, water use efficiency and effects on groundwater. In addition, over 60 years of data exist for irrigation scheduling, meteorological and soil moisture measurements, which continue to act as a valuable resource.

1.	Aldridge DG 1974. River diversion provides irrigation intake. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 129: 42–45.
2.	Aldridge DG 1975. Irrigation trends in western U.S.A. and New Zealand. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 36: 154–156.
3.	Aldridge DG, Ryde DH 1975. Centre-pivot irrigation. 1. How it works. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 130: 13–15.
4.	Aldridge DG 1976. Irrigation control in the headrace. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 133: 41–43.
5.	Aldridge DG, Taylor AR, Ryde DH 1982. Methods of irrigating slopes. Proceedings of the Second Irrigation Conference of the New Zealand Irrigation Association Inc., Oamaru, New Zealand, 15–17 April 1980. Pp. 125–131.
6.	Busch JR 1982. Systems analysis of on-farm irrigation systems: research technical completion report submitted to New Zealand National Research Advisory Council. Moscow, Idaho, Idaho Water and Energy Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho.
7.	Busch JR 1986. Planning on-farm irrigation systems. Proceedings of the 4th Irrigation Conference of the New Zealand Irrigation Association. Pp. 146–165.
8.	Fitzgerald PD, Lauder BA 1963. The effect of race conditions on head losses in irrigation ditches. New Zealand Engineering 18: 16–18.
9.	Fitzgerald PD 1966. Investigations into the efficiency of surface irrigation. Water in Australia 1: 35.
10.	Fitzgerald PD, Lobb WR 1966. The effects of a roster system on irrigation frequency. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 9: 729–737.
11.	Fitzgerald PD, Arnold GC 1972. Water requirements of rostered irrigation schemes. Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 98: 91–96.
12.	Lauder BA 1956. Maintenance of irrigation races and equipment. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 93: 14.
13.	Lobb WR 1963. Automatic irrigation. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 106: 318–327.
14.	Lobb WR 1964. New developments in irrigation techniques. Proceedings Lincoln College Farmers’ Conference 14: 96–103.
15.	Lobb WR 1967. Irrigation, management and fertilizer interactions. In: Langer RHM ed. The lucerne crop. Wellington, New Zealand, A. H. & A. W. Reed. Pp. 150–158.
16.	Lobb WR 1968. Irrigation. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 30: 21–30.
17.	Lobb WR 1968. Irrigation development in the New Zealand environment. Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science, 40th Congress Proceedings, Part 2, Research Publication R/3. New Zealand Agricultural Engineering Institute. Lincoln College, ANZAAS. Pp. 12–21.
18.	Lobb WR 1972. A commentary on irrigation. Review of papers. Proceedings Lincoln College Farmers’ Conference. 22: 145–150.
19.	McKellar WA 1953. Mixed farming under irrigation in Mid-Canterbury. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 87: 555–560.
20.	McPherson GK 1953. Irrigation of border diked pastures (short note). New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 87: 321.
21.	McPherson GK 1956. Some results and problems from experiments at Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 18: 89–97.
22.	McPherson GK 1956. Application of irrigation water (short note). New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 91: 308.
23.	Rickard DS 1956. Irrigation and soil moisture relationships on a light Canterbury soil. Proceedings of Conference on Soil Moisture, Dominion Physical Laboratory, September 1954. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lower Hutt, Information series 12: 87–96.
24.	Rickard DS 1957. A comparison between measured and calculated soil moisture deficit. New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology 38A: 1081–1090.
25.	Rickard DS 1957. Aspects of soil moisture and irrigation. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 19: 16–22.
26.	Rickard DS 1957. The calculation of soil moisture deficit and its application to irrigation requirements. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Soil Science 2: 32–35.
27.	Rickard DS 1960. The estimation of seasonal soil moisture deficits and irrigation requirements for Ashburton, New Zealand. I. Soil moisture deficits. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 3: 820–828.
28.	Rickard DS 1961. The estimation of seasonal soil moisture deficits and irrigation requirements for Ashburton, New Zealand. 2. Irrigation requirements. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 4: 667–675.
29.	Rickard DS 1968. Climate, pasture production and irrigation. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 30: 81–93.
30.	Rickard DS, Fitzgerald PD 1970. Evapo-transpiration in New Zealand. Proceedings New Zealand Water Conference 1970. Part 1.
31.	Rickard DS 1972. Irrigation and its effects on production. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 124: 18.
32.	Rickard DS 1976. The influence of climate and irrigation on production. Symposium on Meteorology and Food Production, Wellington, New Zealand, 14–15 October 1975. New Zealand Meteorological Service. Pp. 121–131.
33.	Rickard D 1980. Irrigation benefits. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 141: 63–64.
34.	Ryde DH, Aldridge DG 1975. Centre-pivot irrigation. 2. Economic factors. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 130: 37–39.
35.	Ryde DH, Aldridge DG 1977. Irrigating in circles. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 135: 24–28.
36.	Ryde DH, Aldridge DG 1978. Methods of irrigation for the farmer. Proceedings Irrigation Conference, Ashburton, New Zealand. Pp. 77–101.
37.	Ryde DH 1982. Trees. Proceedings of 2nd Irrigation Conference of the New Zealand Irrigation Association, Oamaru, 15–17 April 1980, New Zealand Irrigation Association. Pp. 89–97.
38.	Taylor AR 1965. Notable advance in automatic irrigation. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 111: 67–69, 71.
39.	Taylor AR 1970. Flood irrigation. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 121: 37–39.
40.	Taylor AR, Ryde DH 1970. Labour-saving devices for sprinkler irrigation farming. Proceedings of Lincoln Farmers’ Conference 20: 91–107.
41.	Taylor AR, Ryde DH 1971. A feasibility study of irrigating land with low general grade and broken topography. New Zealand Engineering 26: 3–9
42.	Taylor AR 1974. Impact of agricultural water usage on the environment. New Zealand Agricultural Science 8: 120–125.
43.	Taylor AR 1974. Irrigation production and design techniques. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 36: 30–38.
44.	Taylor AR, Ryde DH, Aldridge DG 1979. Automation of New Zealand border strip irrigation for reduced labour input and increased water efficiency. St. Joseph, Michigan, American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE), Paper. 79-2105.
45.	Taylor AR 1981. A method for surface irrigation design based on infiltration using the border strip as an infiltrometer. PhD thesis, Lincoln College, University of Canterbury, Canterbury, New Zealand. 229 p.
46.	Taylor AR, Busch JR 1982. Computer applications. Proceedings of MAF Agricultural Engineering Conference, Lincoln College, July 1982. Pp. 8–17.
47.	Taylor AR, Ryde DH, Aldridge DG 1982. Automation of New Zealand border strip irrigation. Transactions of the ASAE 25: 120–123, 129.
48.	Taylor AR, Ryde DH, Aldridge DG 1982. The efficient use of resources in irrigation in New Zealand. Water in New Zealand's future. Proceedings of the 4th National Water Conference, Auckland, New Zealand, August 24–26 1982. Pp. 247–254.
49.	Taylor AR 1984. Design and costing of land treatment systems. Water & Soil Miscellaneous Publication 70: 425–444.
50.	Taylor AR, Aldridge DG, Kermode IM 1984. Farm design for efficient irrigation. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 46: 31–36.

Pasture and crop production

The interaction of water (via irrigation) and soil in achieving maximum agronomic production has been explored at length at Winchmore. Pasture growth trials under border-strip and either sheep grazing or mowing regimes have been carried out for at least 50 years. Cereal and legume forage production trials have examined the potential of new cultivars and the suitability of different combinations for feed and silage. A long-term no-tillage trial provided comparisons with conventional methods. Experimental crops research included lucerne, beet for ethanol production, paddy rice, malting barley and field peas. In the 1980s an apple orchard was planted that became the focus of an organic research programme aiming to understand the relationships between understorey plants and management on pests, diseases, tree nutrition and soil fertility. Other horticultural crops were studied including potatoes, asparagus, blackcurrants and strawberries.

1.	Alexander RT, Butler JHB 1989. The effects of fallow and herbicide on wheat production at Canterbury. Proceedings of New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference 42: 213–216.
2.	Baars JA, Douglas JA, Knight T, Janson CG 1990. Growth rates and relationships between weather and growth rates for lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) in Canterbury and the Rotorua-Taupo region. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 52: 45–49.
3.	Baars JA, Radcliffe JE, Rollo MD 1990. Climatic change effects on seasonal patterns of pasture production in New Zealand. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 51: 43–46.
4.	Baird JH, Lobb WR 1968. DDT residues on pasture following applications of oiled wet mix DDT-superphosphate. Proceedings of the 21st New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference. Pp. 240–244.
5.	Carter KE, Stoker R 1985. Effects of irrigation and sowing date on yield and quality of barley and wheat. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 13: 77–83.
6.	Carter KE, Fitzgerald PD 1987. A comparison of autumn and spring sown barley on Lismore soils with and without irrigation. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 17: 91–94.
7.	Carter KE, Stoker R 1988. Responses of non-irrigated and irrigated garden peas to phosphorus and potassium on Lismore stony silt loam. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 16: 11–15.
8.	Carter KE, Haynes RJ, Stoker R 1988. Field performance and fruit quality of a range of strawberry cultivars grown in mid Canterbury. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 16: 121–126.
9.	Carter KE, Saville D, Stoker R 1988. Asparagus management practices on a flood irrigated light soil. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 18: 123–127.
10.	Chapman DF, Cullen BR, Johnson IR, Beca D 2009. Interannual variation in pasture growth rate in Australian and New Zealand dairy regions and its consequences for system management. Animal Production Science 49: 1071–1079.
11.	Daly MJ, Dyson CB 1987. Management of autumn-sown Rongotea wheat for high yield on light soils in Canterbury. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 17: 95–101.
12.	Daly MJ, Martin RJ 1988. Oilseed rape: the effects of rate, timing and form of nitrogen application on a depleted Lismore soil. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 18: 97–102.
13.	Daly MJ, Hunter RM, Green GN, Hunt L 1996. A comparison of multi-species pasture with ryegrass-white clover pasture under dryland conditions. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 58: 53–58.
14.	Drewitt EG 1963. Influence of irrigation frequency on potato yield. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 106: 413–415.
15.	Drewitt EG 1967. Irrigation of wheat can increase yield but reduce quality. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 115: 28–29.
16.	Drewitt EG 1970. Rangitata no place for paddy. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 120: 61–63.
17.	Drewitt EG, Rickard DS 1971. The effects of irrigation and applied nitrogen on the growth, grain yields and nitrogen content of wheat. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 1: 147–157.
18.	Drewitt EG, Rickard DS 1973. The effect of irrigation on the yield components and nitrogen uptake of three wheat cultivars. Proceedings of Agronomy Society of New Zealand 3: 73–80.
19.	Drewitt EG 1974. The influence of sowing time on wheat yields at two irrigation levels. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 4: 38–40.
20.	Drewitt EG 1974. Irrigating wheat. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 128: 44–47.
21.	Drewitt EG, Muscroft-Taylor KE 1978. The effect of sowing date on spring wheat and barley. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 136: 31–33.
22.	Drewitt EG 1979. Relationships between grain yield, grain N%, and grain weight in irrigated and non-irrigated late-winter and spring-sown Karamu wheat. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 7: 169–173.
23.	Drewitt EG 1979. Effect of previous cropping on irrigation and nitrogen responses in spring-sown ‘Karamu’ wheat. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 7: 71–78.
24.	Drewitt EG 1980. Maximum wheat production under irrigation. Proceedings of Lincoln College Farmers’ Conference 30: 204–218.
25.	Drewitt EG, Quin BF 1980. Growth patterns of six wheat cultivars. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 10: 43–47.
26.	Drewitt EG, Smart JG 1981. The effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertiliser on the yield and malting quality of barley. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 11: 23–28.
27.	Drewitt EG, Smart JG 1981. Inter-relationship between irrigation and nitrogen application on yield and quality of malting barley. New Zealand Agricultural Science 15: 176.
28.	Drewitt EG 1982. Growing barley for malting. Proceedings of Lincoln College Farmers’ Conference 32: 99–104.
29.	Drewitt EG 1982. Plant population and nitrogen effects on irrigated winter wheat. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 12: 23–30.
30.	Drewitt EG 1983. Some agronomic effects on barley quality. In: Wright GM, Wynn-Williams RB eds. Barley: production and marketing. Lincoln, New Zealand, Agronomy Society of New Zealand and South Island Barley Society. Special publication 2. Pp. 117–121.
31.	Drewitt EG 1986. Effects of nitrogen fertiliser and irrigation on grain quality. Proceedings of 2nd Biennial Wheat Research Institute Cereal Science Conference, Wheat Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand, 15–16 October 1985. Pp. 71–76.
32.	Drewitt EG, Dyson CB 1987. Grain yield and quality responses to early and late applications of nitrogen in three spring wheat cultivars under three irrigation levels. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 17: 109–114.
33.	Fitzgerald P, Knight T 1977. Irrigation of lucerne. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 135: 38–39.
34.	Fitzgerald PD, Knight TL, Janson CG 1977. Lucerne irrigation on light soils. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 5: 23–27.
35.	Fitzgerald PD 1978. The relationship between irrigated pasture production and radiation. Nordic Hydrology 9: 263–266.
36.	Fletcher AL, Moot DJ 2007. Estimating daily solar radiation in New Zealand using air temperatures. New Zealand Journal of Crop & Horticultural Science 35: 147–157.
37.	Fletcher AL, Wilson DR, Brown HE, Li FY, Zyskowski RF 2008. Simulating maize growth and development grown using plastic mulch. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 38: 1–10.
38.	Francis GS, Haynes RJ, Knight TL 1992. An overview of results from the long-term no-tillage trials at Winchmore. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 22: 97–101.
39.	Francis GS, Knight TL 1993. Long-term effects of conventional and no-tillage on selected soil properties and crop yields in Canterbury, New Zealand. Soil & Tillage Research 26: 193–210.
40.	Francis GS, Haynes RJ, Speir TW, Williams PH 1995. The effects of a nitrification inhibitor on leaching losses and recovery of mineralized nitrogen by a wheat crop after ploughing-in temporary leguminous pastures. Fertilizer Research 41: 33–39.
41.	Francis SM, Baird DB 1989. Increase in the proportion of endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass plants in overdrilled pastures. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 32: 437–440.
42.	Francis SM, Merrick NC 1989. Role of improved clovers in non-arable pasture renewal in mid-Canterbury. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 50: 261–264.
43.	Fraser TJ, Knight TL, Knowles IM, Hyslop MG 2004. Twenty-five tonnes of high quality forages annually in Canterbury. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 66: 85–91.
44.	Fraser TJ, Dennis SJ, Moss RA, Tozer KN, Stoker R, Taylor AL, Faville MJ, Smith C 2011. Long term effect of superphosphate fertiliser on pasture persistence. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association, Pasture Persistence Symposium, 10–11 May 2011. Pp. 93–97.
45.	Goh KM, Nguyen ML 1990. Effects of grazing animals on the plant availability of sulphur fertilisers in grazed pastures. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 52: 181–185.
46.	Goh KM, Bruce GE 2005. Comparison of biomass production and biological nitrogen fixation of multi-species pastures (mixed herb leys) with perennial ryegrass-white clover pasture with and without irrigation in Canterbury, New Zealand. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 110: 230–240.
47.	Goh KM 2007. Effects of multiple reference plants, season, and irrigation on biological nitrogen fixation by pasture legumes using the isotope dilution method. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 38: 1841–1860.
48.	Hall AD, Lauder BA 1953. Irrigation of supplementary fodder crops. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 86: 307–308.
49.	Harris PB 1964. A fertilizer mixture for stimulating the growth of lucerne. Proceedings of Lincoln College Farmers’ Conference 14: 34–39.
50.	Harris PB, McNaught KJ, Lynch PB 1966. The main effects and interactions of nutrients on the growth of irrigated lucerne. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 9: 653–690.
51.	Hayman JM 1977. Spring management of irrigated pastures. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 134: 54.
52.	Hayman JM, Moss RA 1977. Wintering on irrigated pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 134: 21–22.
53.	Hayman JM 1978. Scientific aspects of a pastoral system. Proceedings of Irrigation Conference, Ashburton, New Zealand. Pp. 199–209.
54.	Hayman JM, McBride SD 1979. The effect of soil and rainfall on the response of pasture to irrigation. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 9: 121–124.
55.	Hayman JM, Moss RA 1979. Grazing irrigated pasture with sheep: effect of winter management on pasture regrowth. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 7: 277–280.
56.	Hayman JM 1980. New Zealand perennial ryegrass cultivars in mid-Canterbury. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 41: 116–122.
57.	Hayman JM, Baird JH 1980. The effect of hay conservation on sheep productivity on an irrigated all-grass farm. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 42: 219–222.
58.	Hayman JM, Baird JH 1981. The effect of hay conservation on sheep productivity on an irrigated all-grass farm. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 42: 219–222.
59.	Hayman JM, Saville DJ 1981. Comparison of rotational grazing with set stocking of ewes and lambs in spring on irrigated pasture in Canterbury. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 9: 11–16.
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83.	Janson CG 1980. Long-term direct drilling studies under intensive cropping in Canterbury. Proceedings of the 1979 Conservation Tillage Technical Seminar, Christchurch, New Zealand, Monsanto Agricultural Products Company.
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87.	Janson CG 1983. Conservation and tillage: agronomy and cropping. New Zealand Agricultural Science 17: 293–296.
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112.	Martin RJ, Daly MJ 1993. Management of ‘Triumph’ barley for high yield and malting quality on light soils in Canterbury, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 21: 1–16.
113.	Martin RJ, Gillespie RN, Knight TL 1993. Prediction of reproductive growth stages in barley. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 21: 73–84.
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116.	McBride SD, Nguyen ML, Rickard DS 1990. Implications of ceasing annual superphosphate topdressing applications on pasture production. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 52: 177–180.
117.	McBride SD 1992. Agronomic performance of RPR fertilizer in a grazed pasture. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 54: 41–44.
118.	McBride SD 1994. Pasture yield responses to irrigation in Canterbury. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 56: 165–168.
119.	McCarthy T 1988. Blackcurrant cultivar evaluation at Winchmore. New Zealand Commercial Grower 43: 20–21.
120.	McCarthy TP, Stoker R 1988. Effect of irrigation on yield, berry weight and sugar content of blackcurrants. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 16: 321–327.
121.	McCarthy TP, Daly MJ, Burnip GM (eds) 1993. Proceedings of biological apple production seminar: a review of the Winchmore research orchard trials 1989–1993. Lincoln, New Zealand, HortResearch, Technical report 93/3. 78 p.
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126.	McPherson GK 1954. Winter-saved grass under irrigation (short note). New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 88: 235.
127.	McPherson GK 1954. Mixed farming on Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 88: 33–40.
128.	McPherson GK 1956. The sheep farm on the experimental area of the Winchmore Irrigation Farm. Herbage Abstracts 26: 135.
129.	McPherson GK 1956. Persistency of short rotation ryegrass under flood irrigation. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 93: 272.
130.	McPherson GK 1957. Sheep-carrying capacity trial at Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 95: 357–359.
131.	Morton JD, Smith LC, Morrison JD 1999. Clover nutrient ratios to monitor pasture yield responses to fertiliser nutrients. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 60: 141–148.
132.	Moss RA, Burton RN, Allan BE 1996. Productivity of Caucasian clover based pastures under irrigation. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 58: 177–181.
133.	Palmer TP, Whitelaw JS, Janson CG 1974. Saranac – wilt-resistant lucerne. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 129: 47.
134.	Palmer TP, Dunbier MW, Janson CG, Woodhead M 1975. Lucerne cultivars in New Zealand. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 5: 33–36.
135.	Perrott KW, Roberts AHC, Saggar S, Shannon PW, O'Connor MB, Nguyen L, Risk WH 1992. Pasture production and soil phosphorus fractions resulting from six previous annual applications of triple superphosphate or Sechura rock phosphate. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 35: 307–319.
136.	Quin BF, Woods PH 1976. Rapid manual determination of sulfur and phosphorus in plant material. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 7: 415–426.
137.	Quin BF 1978. Irrigation with sewage effluent. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 136: 30–32.
138.	Quin BF, Forsythe LJ 1978. Surface irrigation of pasture with treated sewage effluent. 2. Drainage losses of nitrate and other nutrients. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 21: 427–434.
139.	Quin BF, Syers JK 1978. Surface irrigation of pasture with treated sewage effluent. 3. Heavy metal content of sewage effluent, sludge, soil and pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 21: 435–442.
140.	Quin BF, Woods PH 1978. Surface irrigation of pasture with treated sewage effluent. 1. Nutrient status of soil and pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 21: 419–426.
141.	Quin BF 1979. A comparison of nutrient removal by harvested reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) and ryegrass-clover in plots irrigated with treated sewage effluent. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 22: 291–302.
142.	Quin BF 1979. A pasture response to tungsten on a molybdenum deficient soil-facts and theories. In: Aggett J, Kjellstrom T, Crowe D eds. Proceedings of 2nd New Zealand Seminar on Trace Elements and Health. Trace Element Group, Department of Community Health, Auckland University, New Zealand. Pp. 71–79.
143.	Quin BF, Drewitt EG 1979. The growth, nitrogen uptake and yield of spring-sown wheat on Lismore silt loam. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 9: 133–138.
144.	Quin BF, Woods PH 1979. Automated catalytic method for the routine determination of molybdenum in plant materials. Analyst 104: 552–559.
145.	Quin BF, Wright CE, Woods PH 1980. Measurement of sugar content in fodder and sugar beets. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 10: 81–84.
146.	Quin BF 1982. The influence of grazing animals on nitrogen balances. Proceedings of Workshop on Nitrogen Balances in Terrestrial Ecosystems in New Zealand. Plant Physiology Division, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Pp. 95–102.
147.	Quin BF 1982. Indirect evidence for large-scale nitrogen losses from wheat foliage to the atmosphere. Proceedings of Workshop on Nitrogen Balances in Terrestrial Ecosystems in New Zealand. Plant Physiology Division, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Pp. 169–175.
148.	Quin BF 1982. Sodium bicarbonate extraction of soils for the prediction of crop nitrogen requirements. Proceedings of Workshop on Nitrogen Balances in Terrestrial Ecosystems in New Zealand. Plant Physiology Division, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Pp. 205–208.
149.	Quin BF, Drewitt EG, Stephen RC 1982. A soil incubation test for estimating wheat yields and nitrogen requirements. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand 10: 35–40.
150.	Quin BF, Rickard DS 1983. Pasture production and changes in soil fertility on a long-term irrigated superphosphate trial at Winchmore, New Zealand. Proceedings of the XIV International Grassland Congress, Lexington, KY, USA, June 15–24 1981. Boulder, CO, Westview Press. Pp. 323–326.
151.	Rickard DS 1960. The occurence of agricultural drought at Ashburton, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 3: 431–441.
152.	Rickard DS 1969. The estimation and occurence of agricultural drought. Journal of Hydrology 8: 11–16.
153.	Rickard DS, Fitzgerald PD 1970. The effect of soil moisture and irrigation on pasture production in Canterbury, New Zealand. Proceedings 11th International Grassland Congress 1970, Surfers Paradise, Australia. Pp. 487–492.
154.	Rickard DS, Fitzgerald PD 1971. Soil moisture and pasture growth in Canterbury. Proceedings 6th New Zealand Geography Conference. Pp. 201–208.
155.	Rickard DS 1973. Plant and soil water: information required in agronomic trials. Proceedings of Soil and Plant Water Symposium, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 10–12 April 1973. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Information Series 96: 107–112.
156.	Rickard DS, Cossens GG 1976. Pasture irrigation. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 133: 31–33.
157.	Rickard DS, Radcliffe JE 1976. Seasonal distribution of pasture production in New Zealand. XII Winchmore, Canterbury Plains, dryland and Irrigated pastures. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 4: 329–335.
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159.	Rollo MD, Sheath GW, Slay MWA, Knight TL, Judd TG, Thomson NA 1999. Tall fescue and chicory for increased summer forage production. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 60: 249–253.
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Soil research

Measurements from two long-term trials at Winchmore on a Lismore stony silt loam soil have been maintained for over 60 years. The significance of the irrigation and phosphate fertiliser trials are reflected in the quantity and quality of the scientific literature produced. Topics covered have included nutrient cycling, superphosphate and reactive phosphate rock application, soil moisture levels in response to irrigation over time, soil physics, soil biology and soil organic matter, and modelling fertiliser requirements and losses related to agronomy and, more recently, the environment (including gaseous losses). For example, Winchmore is one of the few sites in New Zealand to have sufficient data to assess agronomic and potential water quality impact of increasing soil Olsen P concentrations (see McDowell & Condron 2012)2.

1.	Boul HL, Garnham ML, Hucker D, Baird D, Aislabie J 1994. Influence of agricultural practices on the levels of DDT and its residues in the soil. Environmental Science & Technology 28: 1397–1402.
2.	Carey PL, Metherell AK 2003. Monitoring long-term changes in reserve potassium in some New Zealand soils using a modified sodium tetraphenyl-boron method. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 46: 199–213.
3.	Condron LM, Goh KM, Newman RH 1985. Nature and distribution of soil phosphorus as revealed by a sequential extraction method followed by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Journal of Soil Science 36: 199–207.
4.	Condron LM 1986. Chemical nature and plant availability of phosphorus present in soils under long-term fertilised irrigated pastures in Canterbury, New Zealand. PhD thesis, University of Canterbury. Christchurch, New Zealand. 367 p.
5.	Condron LM, Goh KM 1989. Molecular weight distribution of soil organic phosphorus under irrigated pasture in New Zealand. Journal of Soil Science 40: 873–878.
6.	Condron LM, Goh KM 1989. Effects of long-term phosphatic fertilizer applications on amounts and forms of phosphorus in soils under irrigated pasture in New Zealand. Journal of Soil Science 40: 383–395.
7.	Condron LM 1990. Implications of long-term superphosphate applications on the accumulation and plant availability of soil phosphorus under irrigated pastures. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 52: 191–193.
8.	Condron LM, Goh KM 1990. Nature and availability of residual phosphorus in long-term pasture soils in New Zealand. Journal of Agricultural Science 114: 1–9.
9.	Condron LM 2004. Phosphorus – surplus and deficiency. In: Schjonning P, Elmholt S, Christensen BT eds. Managing soil quality: challenges in modern agriculture. Wallingford, UK, CABI Publishing. Pp. 69–84.
10.	Condron LM, Sinaj S, McDowell RW, Dudler-Guela J, Scott JT, Metherell AK 2006. Influence of long-term irrigation on the distribution and availability of soil phosphorus under permanent pasture. Australian Journal of Soil Research 44: 127–133.
11.	Curtin D, McCallum FM, Williams PH 2003. Phosphorus in light fraction organic matter separated from soils receiving long-term applications of superphosphate. Biology and Fertility of Soils 37: 280–287.
12.	Curtin D, Beare MH, McCallum FM 2007. Sulphur in soil and light fraction organic matter as influenced by long-term application of superphosphate. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 39: 2547–2554.
13.	Edmeades DC, Watkinson JH, Perrott KW, Sinclair AG, Ledgard SF, Rajan SSS, Roberts AH, Thorrold BT, O'Connor MB, Floate MJS, Risk WH, Morton J 1992. Comparing the agronomic performance of soluble and slow release phosphate fertilizers: the experimental basis for RPR recommendations. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 53: 181–190.
14.	Edmeades DC, Thorrold BS, Roberts AHC 2005. The diagnosis and correction of sulfur deficiency and the management of sulfur requirements in New Zealand pastures: a review. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45: 1205–1223.
15.	Edmeades DC, Metherell AK, Waller JE, Roberts AHC, Morton JD 2006. Defining the relationships between pasture production and soil P and the development of a dynamic P model for New Zealand pastures: a review of recent developments. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 49: 207–222.
16.	Fitzgerald PD, Rickard DS 1960. A comparison of Penman's and Thornthwaite's method of determining soil moisture deficits. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 3: 106–112.
17.	Fitzgerald PD 1963. Experience with a neutron scanner for measurement of soil moisture. Journal of Hydrology 2: 71–72.
18.	Fitzgerald PD, Rickard DS, Mountier NS 1963. Sampling errors associated with gravimetric soil moisture determinations. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 6: 307–309.
19.	Fitzgerald PD, Cossens GG, Rickard DS 1971. Infiltration and soil physical properties. Journal of Hydrology 10: 120–126.
20.	Fitzgerald PD 1974. The estimation of soil moisture deficits by Penmans and Thornthwaites methods in mid Canterbury. Journal of Hydrology 13: 32–40.
21.	Fitzgerald P, Rickard DS 1981. Letters to the editor. Agricultural Systems 6: 243.
22.	Fraser PM, Haynes RJ, Williams PH 1994. Effects of pasture improvement and intensive cultivation on microbial biomass, enzyme activities, and composition and size of earthworm populations. Biology and Fertility of Soils 17: 185–190.
23.	Goh KM, Condron LM 1989. Plant availability of phosphorus accumulated from long-term applications of superphosphate and effluent to irrigated pastures. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 32: 45–52.
24.	Goh KM, Pamidi J 2003. Plant uptake of sulphur as related to changes in the HI-reducible and total sulphur fractions in soil. Plant and Soil 250: 1–13.
25.	Goh KM, Pamidi J 2004. Effects of cultivation and long-term superphosphate applications on pasture soil sulphur mineralisation and availability in the field. Plant and Soil 264: 299–312.
26.	Goh KM 2008. Plant availability of soil phosphorus forms accumulated from long-term superphosphate applications to irrigated pastures. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 39: 1979–1992.
27.	Gray CW, McLaren RG, Roberts AHC, Condron LM 1999. The effect of long-term phosphatic fertiliser applications on the amounts and forms of cadmium in soils under pasture in New Zealand. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 54: 267–277.
28.	Haynes RJ, Knight TL 1989. Comparison of soil chemical properties, enzyme activities, levels of biomass N and aggregate stability in the soil profile under conventional and no-tillage in Canterbury, New Zealand. Soil & Tillage Research 14: 197–208.
29.	Haynes RJ, Williams PH 1992. Long-term effect of superphosphate on accumulation of soil phosphorus and exchangeable cations on a grazed, irrigated pasture site. Plant and Soil 142: 123–133.
30.	Haynes RJ, Williams PH 1992. Accumulation of soil organic matter and the forms, mineralization potential and plant-availability of accumulated organic sulphur: effects of pasture improvement and intensive cultivation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 24: 209–217.
31.	Keeley GM, Quin BF 1979. The effects of irrigation with meatworks-fellmongery effluent on water quality in the unsaturated zone and shallow aquifer. In: Jenkins SH ed. Proceedings of Conference on The Agricultural Industry and its Effects on Water Quality, Hamilton, New Zealand, 15–18 May 1979. Progress in Water Technology 11: 369–386.
32.	Lobb WR, Rothbaum HP 1969. The use of anhydrite as a fertiliser. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 12: 119–124.
33.	Mander C, Wakelin SA, Young S, Condron LM, O'Callaghan M. 2012. Incidence and diversity of phosphate-solubilising bacteria are linked to phosphorus status in grassland soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 44: 93–101.
34.	McCall DG, Thorrold BS 1991. Fertiliser history is a useful predictor of soil fertilizer status. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 53: 191–196.
35.	McDowell RW, Condron LM 2000. Chemical nature and potential mobility of phosphorus in fertilized grassland soils. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 57: 225–233.
36.	McDowell RW, Monaghan RM, Carey PL 2003. Potential phosphorus losses in overland flow from pastoral soils receiving long-term applications of either superphosphate or reactive phosphate rock. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 46: 329–337.
37.	McDowell RW, Rowley D 2008. The fate of phosphorus under contrasting border-check irrigation regimes. Australian Journal of Soil Research 46: 309–314.
38.	McDowell RW 2010. Is cadmium loss in surface runoff significant for soil and surface water quality: a study of flood-irrigated pastures? Water Air & Soil Pollution 209: 133–142.
39.	McDowell RW, Sharpley AN, Crush JR, Simmons T 2011. Phosphorus in pasture plants: potential implications for phosphorus loss in surface runoff. Plant and Soil 345: 23–35.
40.	Metherell AK 1992. Simulation of soil organic matter dynamics and nutrient cycling in agroecosystems. Dissertation, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. 382 p.
41.	Metherell AK 1993. Dynamics and interactions of carbon, nitrogen, phophorus and sulphur cycling in grazed pasture. Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Pp. 1420–1421.
42.	Metherell AK 1994. A model for phosphate fertiliser requirements for pastures incorporating dynamics and economics. In: Currie LD, Loganathan P eds. The efficient use of fertilisers in a changing environment: reconciling productivity and sustainability. Palmerston North, New Zealand, Fertiliser and Lime Research Centre, Massey University. Occasional report no. 7. Pp. 18–37.
43.	Metherell AK 1996. Costs and returns: fertilisers. Dairyfarming Annual 48: 57–71.
44.	Metherell AK, Condron LM, Eden RM 1997. Effects of fertiliser rates and forms on soil phosphorus fractions in a long term trial at Winchmore. Proceedings of XVIII International Grassland Congress, China, 18–19 June 1997. Volume 1, Session 10: Soil Fertility (ID NO. 638). Pp. 10-33–10-34.
45.	Metherell AK 2002. International Symposium on the Management Effects on Soil Carbon Storage in New Zealand pastures. Evaluation of Terrestrial Carbon Storage and Dynamics by in-situ and Remote Sensing Measurements, Gifu, Japan, November 12–14 2002. Pp. 83–90.
46.	Metherell AK 2002. Long-term irrigation improves soil quality, but decreases soil carbon sequestration. In: Stephens P, Callaghan J, Austin, A eds. Soil Quality and Sustainable Land Management Conference. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. Pp. 55–61.
47.	Metherell AK 2002. Winchmore – 50 years of fertiliser and irrigation research. New Zealand Society of Soil Science Golden Jubilee Conference. Wellington, New Zealand, New Zealand Society of Soil Science. Pp. 58.
48.	Metherell AK 2003. Management effects on soil carbon storage in New Zealand pastures. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 65: 259–264.
49.	Morton JD 1980. Effects of phosphate fertiliser solubility in pasture growth on a gley podsol. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 12: 185–195.
50.	Morton JD, McBride SD 1994. Nitrogen use on Canterbury dryland pastures. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association 56: 23–26.
51.	Morton JD, O'Connor MB, Risk WH, Nguyen L, Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Smith L, Roberts AHC 1994. Effects of triple superphosphate and Sechura phosphate rock on clover and nitrogen content of pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 37: 569–575.
52.	Morton JD, Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Smith LC, O'Connor MB, Roberts AHC, Risk WH, Nguyen L, Shannon PW 1995. Effects of frequency of application of triple superphosphate and Sechura phosphate rock on pasture DM production, herbage P concentration, and Olsen P soil tests. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 38: 543–552.
53.	Murata T, Nguyen ML, Goh KM 1995. The effects of long-term superphosphate application on soil organic matter content and composition from an intensively managed New Zealand pasture. European Journal of Soil Science 46: 257–264.
54.	Nguyen ML 1983. Sulphur requirements under irrigated pasture. Proceedings of Technical Workshop on Sulphur in New Zealand Agriculture, Massey University, Palmerston North, 23–24 May 1983. Massey University Department of Soil Science. Occasional report no. 4. Pp. 150–163.
55.	Nguyen ML 1985. Effects of nitrogenous fertilisers on soil, crops and pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 150: 14–15.
56.	Nguyen ML, Rickard DS, McBride SD 1989. Pasture production and changes in phosphorus and sulphur status in irrigated pastures receiving long-term applications of superphosphate fertiliser. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 32: 245–262.
57.	Nguyen, ML 1990 Sulphur cycling in soil-plant-animal systems under grazed, irrigated pastures in Canterbury, New Zealand and its implication on pasture sulphur requirements. PhD thesis, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand. 627 p.
58.	Nguyen ML, Goh KM 1990. Accumulation of soil sulfur fractions in grazed pastures receiving long-term superphosphate applications. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Science 33: 111–128.
59.	Nguyen ML, Goh KM 1992. Sulphur mineralization and release of soluble organic sulphur from camp and non-camp soils of grazed pastures receiving long-term superphosphate applications. Biology and Fertility of Soils 14: 272–279.
60.	Nguyen ML, Goh KM 1992. Status and distribution of soil sulphur fractions, total nitrogen and organic carbon in camp and non-camp soils of grazed pastures supplied with long-term superphosphate. Biology and Fertility of Soils 14: 181–190.
61.	Nguyen ML, Goh KM 1992. Nutrient cycling and losses based on a mass-balance model in grazed pastures receiving long-term superphosphate applications in New Zealand. 1. Phosphorus. Journal of Agricultural Science 119: 89–106.
62.	Nguyen ML, Goh KM 1992. Nutrient cycling and losses based on a mass-balance model in grazed pastures receiving long-term superphosphate applications in New Zealand. 2. Sulphur. Journal of Agricultural Science 119: 107–122.
63.	Nguyen ML, Goh KM 1994. Sulphur cycling and its implications on sulphur fertilizer requirements of grazed grassland ecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 49: 173–206.
64.	Nguyen ML, Haynes RJ, Goh KM 1995. Nutrient budgets and status in three pairs of conventional and alternative mixed cropping farms in Canterbury, New Zealand. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 52: 149–162.
65.	Nguyen L, Quinn B 2001. Potential phosphorus losses in runoff from New Zealand pastoral soils receiving superphosphate and reactive phosphate rock applications. In: Haygarth PMC et al. eds. Proceedings of International Phosphorus Transfer Workshop 2001. Connecting Phosphorus Transfer from Agriculture to Impacts in Surface waters, Plymouth, UK, 28 August – 1 September. http://www.cost869.alterra.nl/Proceedings%20Devon.htm (accessed 30 September 2011).
66.	Pamidi J, Goh KM, McLaren RG 2001. Comparison of three different methods of determining soil sulphur mineralization in relation to plant sulphur availability in soils. Biology and Fertility of Soils 34: 131–139.
67.	Quin BF, Forsythe LJ 1976. All-plastic suction lysimeters for the rapid sampling of percolating soil water. New Zealand Journal of Science 19: 145–148.
68.	Quin BF, Woods PH 1976. Rapid manual determination of sulfur and phosphorus in plant material. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 7: 415–426.
69.	Quin BF 1979. Surface irrigation with sewage effluent in New Zealand – a case study. Progress in Water Technology 11: 103–126.
70.	Quin BF 1979. The effects of surface irrigation on drainage and groundwater quality. In: Noonan MJ ed. Groundwater: Symposium on the Quality and Movement of Groundwater in Alluvial Aquifiers of New Zealand, Lincoln University College, 22–23 November 1978. Lincoln College Department of Agricultural Microbiology Technical Publication 2: 139–145.
71.	Quin BF, Burden RJ 1979. The effects of land use and hydrology on groundwater quality in Mid-Canterbury, New Zealand. In: Jenkins SH ed. The Agricultural Industry and its Effects on Water Quality. Proceedings of Conference on The Agricultural Industry and its Effects on Water Quality, Hamilton, New Zealand, 15–18 May 1979. Progress in Water Technology 11: 433–448.
72.	Quin BF 1981. The performance of reactive phosphate rocks in irrigated and non-irrigated pasture. Proceedings of Technical Workshop on Potential of Phosphate Rock as a Direct Application Fertiliser in New Zealand, Palmerston North. Massey University, Department of Soil Science. Occasional report no. 3. Pp. 12–30.
73.	Quin BF 1982. The quality of New Zealand superphosphate. New Zealand Agricultural Science 16: 93–100.
74.	Roberts AHC, Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Risk WH, Smith LC, O'Connor MB, Nguyen L, Morton JD, Shannon PW 1994. Changes in soil Olsen P over six years with annual applications of triple superphosphate or reactive phosphate rock (Sechura). New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 37: 229–237.
75.	Saggar S, Hedley MJ, White RE, Perrott KW, Gregg PEH, Cornforth IS, Sinclair AG 1999. Development and evaluation of an improved soil test for phosphorus, 3: field comparison of Olsen, Colwell and Resin soil P tests for New Zealand pasture soils. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 55: 35–50.
76.	Saville DJ, Moss RA, Bray AR, Hannagan RB 1997. Soil nutrient distribution in pastures flood-irrigated by the border strip method. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 40: 99–110.
77.	Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Smith LC, O'Connor MB, Nguyen L 1993. Agronomy, modelling and economics of reactive phosphate rocks as slow-release phosphate fertilizers for grasslands. Fertilizer Research 36: 229–238.
78.	Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Smith LC, Risk WH, O'Connor MB, Roberts AH, Morton JD, Nguyen L, Shannon PW 1993. Effect of reactive phosphate rock on the pH of soil under pasture. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 36: 381–384.
79.	Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Smith LC, Risk WH, Morton JD, O'Connor MB, Roberts AHC, Nguyen L, Shannon PW 1994. Patterns of, and a model for, dry matter yield response in grass/clover pastures to annual applications of triple superphosphate fertiliser. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 37: 239–253.
80.	Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD 1995. Ability of a dynamic model of phosphorus to account for observed patterns of response in a series of phosphate fertilizer trials of pasture. Fertilizer Research 40: 21–29.
81.	Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Smith LC, Roberts AHC, O'Connor MB, Morton JD 1997. Relationship between pasture dry matter yield and soil Olsen P from a series of long-term field trials. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 40: 559–567.
82.	Srinivasan MS, McDowell RW 2009. Irrigation and soil physical quality: an investigation at a long-term irrigation site. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 52: 113–121.
83.	Stewart DPC, Metherell, AK 1996. Feeding the soil micro-organisms! Using 13C pulse labelling to investigate carbon cycling in pastoral systems. In: Uren N ed. Soil science: raising the profile. Proceedings of the ASSSI and NZSSS National Soils Conference, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 267–268. Parkville, Australia: Australian Soil Society Inc.
84.	Stewart DPC, Metherell, AK 1998. Using 13C pulse labelling to investigate carbon cycling in pastoral ecosystems. In: Proceedings 16th World Congress of Soil Science, Vol. 1: 181. Montpelier, France: ISSS (International Soil Science Society) and AFES (Association français pour l'étude du sol) [print version]; Cirad. CD-ROM.
85.	Stewart DPC, Metherell AK 1999. Long-term influence of management practices on the soil carbon of pastoral ecosystems. In: Currie LD, Hedley MJ, Horne DJ, Loganathan P eds. Best soil management practices for production. Fertilizer and Lime Research Centre, Massey University. Occasional report no. 12. Pp. 317–326.
86.	Stewart DPC, Metherell AK 1999. Carbon (13C) uptake and allocation in pasture plants following field pulse-labelling. Plant & Soil 210: 61–73.
87.	Stocker RV 1984. Calibration of neutron moisture meters on stony soils (note). Journal of Hydrology, New Zealand 23: 34–36.
88.	Thorpe HR, Scott DM 1999. An evaluation of four soil moisture models for estimating natural ground water recharge. Journal of Hydrology 38: 179–209.
89.	Timmins SM, Fitzgerald PD 1984. High resolution scanner data for the detection of soil moisture variation. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 27: 125–131.
90.	Toor GS, Condron LM et al. (2005). Preferential phosphorus leaching from an irrigated grassland soil. European Journal of Soil Science 56: 155–167.
91.	Walker SD 1955. Phosphate topdressing. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 90: 513.
92.	Williams PH, Haynes RJ 1990. Cycling of P and S through the soil-plant-animal system under extensively grazed grass-clover pastures. In: Koshino M ed. Transactions 14th International Congress of Soil Science, Kyoto, Japan, Vol. IV, pp. 276–281. Kyoto, Japan: International Society of Soil Science (ISSS).
93.	Williams PH, Haynes RJ 1992. Balance sheet of phosphorus, sulphur and potassium in a long-term grazed pasture supplied with superphosphate. Fertilizer Research 31: 51–60.
94.	Woodward SJR, Barker DJ, Zyskowski RF 2001. A practical model for predicting soil water deficit in New Zealand pastures. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 44: 91–109.

Entomology

Research on pasture and crop pests became a focus during the 1970s and 1980s, largely as a result of the rising cost of insecticides. Winchmore was one of 20 sites in mid-Canterbury used to monitor grass grub beetle (Costelytra zealandica) emergence from pastures. Investigations into biocontrol options, using birds (starlings), parasitic nematodes and bacteria were also carried out in field trials. On-site research included measuring earthworm populations in the soil and microbial populations in sheep.

1.	Burnip GM, Suckling DM 2001. Leafroller larval and adult phenology at two Canterbury, New Zealand, organic apple orchards. New Zealand Journal of Crop & Horticultural Science 29: 15–22.
2.	East R 1972. Starling (Sturnus vulgaris L.) predation on grass grub (Costelytra zealandica (White), Melolonthinae) populations in Canterbury. PhD thesis, Canterbury University, Christchurch, New Zealand. 709 p.
3.	East R, Pottinger RP 1972. Biological control of grass grubs by starlings. Proceedings of New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference 25: 239–243.
4.	Fraser PM, Piercy JE 1996. Effects of summer irrigation on the seasonal activity, population size, composition and biomass of lumbricid earthworms in a long-term irrigation trial at Winchmore, New Zealand. ASSSI and NZSSS National Soils Conference 2: 89–90.
5.	Helson GAH, Flower NE, Wood J 1975. Phoretic association of a Uropodid mite and a Lepidopteran larva. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2: 223–226.
6.	Jackson TA, Pearson JF, Young SD, Armstrong J, O'Callaghan M 2002. Abundance and distribution of microbial populations in sheep fleece. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 45: 49–55.
7.	Lobb WR, Wood J 1971. Insects in the food supply of starlings in mid Canterbury. New Zealand Entomologist 5: 17–24.
8.	McFarlane AG 1977. Light trapping of caddis-flies at Winchmore Irrigation Research Station mid Canterbury New-Zealand May 1974–September 1975. Mauri Ora 5: 123–124.
9.	Villalobos-Hernandez, F J 1994. The role of soil organic matter in the sustainable management of the grass grub Costelytra zealandica (White) in Canterbury pastures. PhD thesis, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand. 242 p.
10.	Villalobos FJ, Goh KM, Saville DJ, Chapman RB 1997. Interactions among soil organic matter, levels of the indigenous entomopathogenic bacterium Serratia entomophila in soil, amber disease and the feeding activity of the scarab larva of Costelytra zealandica: a microcosm approach. Applied Soil Ecology 5: 231–246.
11.	Wood J 1970. Rearing Wiseana species in the laboratory. New Zealand Entomologist 4: 3–7.
12.	Wood J 1973. A list of Lepidoptera taken in light traps at Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. New Zealand Entomologist 5: 284.
13.	Wood J 1973. Arthropoda which have been found in starling (Sturnus vulgaris) faeces. New Zealand Entomologist 5: 159–162.
14.	Wood J 1980. Notes on the sitona weevil, Sitona humeralis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a pest of lucerne in Canterbury. New Zealand Entomologist 7: 169–171.

Bulletins

Over the period from 1957 to 1962, four bulletins were published summarising the Station's activities.

1.	Station Bulletin No 1. Summary of activities 1956–7. 19 p. (no date – 1957?)
2.	Station Bulletin No 2. Summary of activities 1957–8. 28 p. (no date – 1958?)
3.	Station Bulletin No 3. Summary of activities 1958–9. 19 p. (no date – 1960?)
4.	Station Bulletin No 4. Summary of activities 1959–60. 20 p. (no date – 1962?)

Guides

1.	[1956] Guide/Winchmore Irrigation Research Station [no date]
2.	1962. Guide to Field and Laboratory Experiments/Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. [Ashburton, New Zealand.] New Zealand Department of Agriculture. 20 p.
3.	[1975]. Guide to Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. Ashburton, New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries. [39 sections]. Looseleaf, updated with supplementary sheets.

Technical reports

1.	Rickard DS 1968. Superphosphate requirements of irrigated pasture. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 1. 29 p.
2.	Rickard DS 1968. The requirements and residual effects of superphosphate on irrigated pasture. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 2. 49 p.
3.	Drewitt EG 1970. The effect of irrigation on the yield and quality of potatoes. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 3. 29 p.
4.	Rickard DS 1972. Meteorological data, 1950–1970. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 4. 33 p.
5.	Rickard DS 1972. Investigations into the response of pasture to irrigation, 1950–1957. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 5. 26 p.
6.	McBride SD, Fitzgerald PD, Ryde DH 1973. The effect of climatic conditions on the field performance of irrigation sprinklers. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 6. 19 p.
7.	Rickard DS, Cossens GG 1973. Physical properties of irrigated and non-irrigated soils of the Manuherikia Valley. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 7. 11 p.
8.	Fitzgerald PD 1974. The effect of climate on water use in Canterbury irrigation schemes. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 8. 20 p.
9.	Drewitt EG 1976. Research on sugar beet. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 9. 30 p.
10.	Wood J 1977. Arthropoda collected in light traps at Winchmore. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 10. 59 p.
11.	Rickard DS 1978. Meteorological data, 1950–1976. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 11. 34 p.
12.	Drewitt EG 1979. A comparison of yields from sugar beet and fodder beet. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 12. 11 p.
13.	Fitzgerald PD 1980. BASIC language programs for agricultural and irrigation research. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 13. 45 p.
14.	Wood J 1980. Arthropoda collected in light traps at Winchmore 1974–1979. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 14. 40 p.
15.	Fitzgerald PD 1980. Data recovery from Tasman loggers by computer. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 15. 15 p.
16.	Stoker R 1982. Soil wetting and moisture extraction on a Lismore stony silt loam. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 16. 14 p.
17.	Hayman JM, McBride SD 1984. The response of pasture and lucerne to irrigation. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 17. 79 p.
18.	Busch JR, McBride SD 1984. A user's manual for the farm irrigation systems analysis (FISA). Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 18. 42 p.
19.	Moss RA 1985. Intensive sheep production under irrigation. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 19. 21 p.
20.	Rickard DS, McBride SD 1986. Soil temperatures under non-irrigated and irrigated pasture. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 20. 27 p
21.	Rickard DS, McBride SD 1986. Irrigated and non irrigated pasture production at Winchmore, 1960 to 1985. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 21. 74 p.
22.	Rickard DS, McBride SD 1987. Long-term application and residual effects of superphosphate and effects of reactive phosphate rock on irrigated pasture. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 22. 53 p.
23.	Rickard DS, McBride SD 1987. Soil moisture records under irrigated and non-irrigated pasture. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 23. 28 p.
24.	Moss RA 1987. Pasture and animal performances on an irrigated sheep production farmlet. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station Technical Report 24. 55 p.

Miscellaneous publications

1.	1968. Irrigation in Canterbury. Miscellaneous Publication (Winchmore Irrigation Research Station) 1. Ashburton, New Zealand, Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. 17 p.
2.	1970. Irrigation on the Canterbury plains. Fitzgerald PD ed. Miscellaneous Publication (Winchmore Irrigation Research Station) 2. Ashburton, New Zealand, Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. 21 p.
3.	1974. A bibliography of publications, 1951–1973, compiled by D.S. Rickard. Miscellaneous Publication (Winchmore Irrigation Research Station) 3. Ashburton, New Zealand, Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. 49 p.
4.	1976. A bibliography of publications, 1951–1975, compiled by D.S. Rickard. Miscellaneous Publication (Winchmore Irrigation Research Station) 4. Ashburton, New Zealand, Winchmore Irrigation Research Station, Research Division, Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries. 38 p.
5.	Nolan J 1979. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station: guide to the use of the library. Miscellaneous Publication (Winchmore Irrigation Research Station) 5. Ashburton, New Zealand, Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. 6 p.
6.	Quin BF 1978. International Conference on Developments in Land Methods of Wastewater Treatment and Utilisation, Melbourne, Australia, October 23–27 1978. Miscellaneous Publication (Winchmore Irrigation Research Station) 6. Ashburton, New Zealand,, Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. 12 p.
7.	1979. Winchmore Irrigation Research Station: periodicals held in the library, compiled by Janice Nolan. Miscellaneous Publication (Winchmore Irrigation Research Station) 7. Ashburton, New Zealand, Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. 17 p.
8.	Rickard DS, Proffitt JR 1980. A bibliography of publications, 1951–1979. Miscellaneous Publication (Winchmore Irrigation Research Station) 8. Ashburton, New Zealand, Winchmore Irrigation Research Station. 44 p.
9.	Smith LC, Johnstone PD, Sinclair AG, Shannon PW, O'Connor MB, Percival N, Roberts AHC, Smith RG, Mansell G, Morton JD, Nguyen L, Dyson CB, Risk WH. 1990. Final report on the MAF ‘national series’ forms of phosphate fertiliser trials. Part 1: Description of trials and annual herbage dry matter production. Wellington, New Zealand, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. 88 p.
10.	Smith LC, O'Connor MB, Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Shannon PW, Percival N, Roberts AHC, Smith RG, Mansell G, Morton JD, Nguyen L, Dyson CB, Risk WH. 1991. Final report on the MAF ‘national series’ forms of phosphate fertiliser trials. Part 2: Phosphorus content of herbage. Wellington, New Zealand, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. 240 p.
11.	Smith LC, Risk WH, Roberts AHC, Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Shannon PW, O'Connor MB, Percival N, Smith RG, Mansell G, Morton JD, Nguyen L, Dyson CB. 1991. Final report on the MAF ‘national series’ forms of phosphate fertiliser trials. Part 3: Soil Olsen P and pH. Wellington, New Zealand, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. 92 p.
12.	Smith LC, Roberts AHC, Risk WH, Sinclair AG, Johnstone PD, Shannon PW, O'Connor MB, Percival N, Smith RG, Mansell G, Morton JD, Nguyen L, Dyson CB. 1991. Final report on the MAF ‘national series’ forms of phosphate fertiliser trials. Part 4: Herbage dissection and miscellaneous soil and plant chemical analysis. Wellington, New Zealand, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. 86 p.

Notes

¹Rickard DS, Moss RA 2012. Winchmore and the long-term trials: the early history. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 55: 93–103.

²McDowell RW, Condron LM. 2012. Phosphorus and the Winchmore trials: review and lessons learnt. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 55: 119–132.