Liquid A As Solution of Polymers: Internal Tensions and Other Thermodynamic Properties

Abstract

The bonding force between a polymer of n molecules in liquid A, (A)^l _n, is subject to an internal tension, τ_An, attributable to the polymers of all sizes in liquid A. This tension exceeds the internal tension between pure polymer (A)^lo _n, τ⁰ _An, and this enhanced tension, π_An=τ_AN—τ_An, changes all partial molar quantities of (A)^l _n within liquid A with respect to the molar quantities of pure (A)^lo _n, including the chemical potential of polymer (A)l_n (such that μ^l _An (T, p^l, x^l _An) is equal to μ^lo _An(T, p^l —π_An)). When the vapor of A is in equilibrium with liquid A, the vapor of (A)_n must also be in equilibrium with liquid (A)_n for every n from 1 to N. Even when the mole fraction of polymer (A)^l _n is altered by changing the pressure applied to liquid A, its mole fraction must equal the mole fraction of (A)^v _n in the vapor phase with which it is in equilibrium, i.e., x^l _An=x^l _An for an) T or p^v . Since water vapor is monomeric, liquid water must also be monomeric.