A simple risk score based on sleep quality for predicting depressive symptoms in menopausal women: a multicenter study

ABSTRACT

Objective: We aim to establish a simple risk score based on sleep quality for predicting depressive symptoms in menopausal women through a cross-sectional investigation.

Materials and methods: A total of 705 Chinese women aged 40–60 years were included in this cross-sectional investigation of a self-report questionnaire from the Physical Examination Center at Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital. Depressive symptoms and sleep quality were evaluated using self-rating depressive symptom scale (SDS)and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. After setting up a logistic regression model and computing the odds ratio value, we further calculated and predicted the risk score for depressive symptoms and then established a risk score system. Finally, we validated the risk score in two investigations (Validation 1 and Validation 2).

Results: The risk scoring system for predicting depressive symptoms included a history of cancer, subjective sleep quality, sleep disorder and daytime dysfunction, with total scores ranging from 0–35 points. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) sample curve was 0.801 (95% CI 0.753–0.848). The Area Under the Curve (AUC) was 0.832 (95% CI 0.738–0.925) in Validation 1 and 0.799 (95%CI 0.667–0.930) in Validation 2. The best cutoff point for depressive symptoms in the sample population was ≥8 points, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.698 and 0.824, respectively. The sensitivity was 0.775 and 0.667 in Validation 1 and Validation 2, respectively.

Conclusions: The risk score for predicting depressive symptoms in menopausal women based on sleep is convenient. Because there is no complex assessment of multiple scales requiredIt may be a preliminary screening tool for depressive symptoms in menopausal women.

KEYWORDS:

• Depressive symptoms
• menopause
• risk factors
• sleep

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the study participants and the research associates in the physical examination centers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Eastern Campus of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University who made it possible to complete this research project. We would also like to express sincere gratitude for the funding support from the Shanghai science and technology committee (154119050202, GWIV-15), Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital (LYZY-0130,LYHY-0018) and the Beijing medicine awards foundation (YJHYXKYJJ-B1).

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties. Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial relationships to disclose.

Author contributions

Minfang Tao was responsible for writing the article and overall guidance; Yanwei Zheng was responsible for writing the article, data collection and statistical analysis; Yang Zhou was responsible for the table, figure and data collection; Jieping Zhu and Qi Hua were responsible for data collection and overall guidance. The manuscript has been read and approved by all authors.

Additional information

Funding

Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning (GWIV15), the Shanghai science and technology committee 154119050202,14411968300,11411950103 and the Beijing medicine awards foundation (YJHYXKYJJ-B1).