848
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Policy Debates

The Recruitment and Retention of Central and Eastern European Migrant Workers in the United Kingdom: A Panacea or a Problem under the New Policies of ‘Managed Migration’?

&
Pages 1289-1300 | Received 01 Oct 2008, Published online: 27 Nov 2009
 

Abstract

Pemberton S. and Stevens C. The recruitment and retention of Central and Eastern European migrant workers in the United Kingdom: a panacea or a problem under the new policies of ‘managed migration’?, Regional Studies. The latest changes in the UK government's managed migration policy with the introduction of a new Points-Based System have been recognized as privileging White European economic migrant workers – including those from Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries – at the expense of low-skilled (non-White) workers from outside of the European Union. However, analysis reveals that a series of recruitment and retention barriers may impinge upon the ‘effectiveness’ of such a strategy – particularly the intersection of CEE migrant ‘agency’ with labour market opportunities and UK immigration/welfare policies. In turn, a reassessment of the current approach to ‘managed migration’ is advocated.

Pemberton S. et Stevens C. Recruter et sauvegarder les travailleurs immigrés de l'Europe centrale et orientale au Royaume-Uni (R-U): un atout ou un inconvénient en vertu des nouvelles politiques ‘d'immigration administrée’?, Regional Studies. On considère que les dernières modifications à la politique d'immigration administrée menée par le gouvernement au R-U, y compris la mise au point d'un système de points, favorisent les travailleurs immigrés pour des raisons économiques qui sont européens et blancs – y compris ceux qui proviennent des pays de l'Europe centrale et orientale (Peco) – au dépens des travailleurs non-qualifiés (de couleur) venant des pays au delà des frontières de l'Ue. Cependant, l'analyse laisse voir une série d'obstacles au recrutement et à la sauvegarde à franchir qui pourraient affecter ‘l'efficacité’ d'une telle stratégie – notamment l'intersection de ‘l'agence' des immigrés en provenance des Peco avec les possibilités d'emploi sur le marché du travail et les politiques du R-U quant à l'immigration/au bien-être. On prône également une réévaluation de l'approche actuelle à ‘l'immigration administrée’.

Migrants venant des Peco pour des raisons économiques Recruter Sauvegarder ‘Agence’ Politique

Pemberton S. und Stevens C. Anwerbung und Beibehaltung von Arbeitskräften aus Mittel- und Osteuropa in Großbritannien: Allheilmittel oder Problem unter der neuen Politik zur ‘kontrollierten Einwanderung’?, Regional Studies. Im Rahmen der neuesten Änderungen in der Politik der britischen Regierung zur kontrollierten Einwanderung wurde ein Punktesystem eingeführt, das nach allgemeinem Urteil weiße europäische Wirtschaftsmigranten (einschließlich der Migranten aus mittel- und osteuropäischen Staaten) gegenüber gering qualifizierten (nicht weißen) Arbeitnehmern aus Nicht-EU-Staaten bevorzugt. Allerdings zeigt sich bei einer Analyse, dass eine Reihe von Hindernissen für die Anwerbung und Beibehaltung von Arbeitskräften die ‘Wirksamkeit’ einer solchen Strategie beeinträchtigen könnte; dies gilt insbesondere für die Schnittstelle zwischen der Tätigkeit von Einwanderern aus Mittel- und Osteuropa und den Chancen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt sowie der Einwanderungs- und Sozialpolitik Großbritanniens. Aufgrund der Ergebnisse wird eine Neubewertung des derzeitigen Ansatzes für ‘kontrollierte Einwanderung’ befürwortet.

Wirtschaftsmigranten aus Mittel- und Osteuropa Anwerbung von Arbeitskräften Beibehaltung von Arbeitskräften Tätigkeit Politik

Pemberton S. y Stevens C. La captación y retención de los trabajadores emigrantes de Europa central y del este en el Reino Unido (RU): ¿una panacea o un problema bajo la nueva política de migración gestionada?, Regional Studies. En el marco de los últimos cambios en la política de migración gestionada del Gobierno británico, se ha introducido un nuevo sistema de puntos que favorece a los trabajadores emigrantes económicos europeos de raza blanca, incluyendo a los de países de Europa central y del este (ECE), a expensas de los trabajadores menos cualificados (no blancos) de fuera de la Unión Europea. Sin embargo, los análisis indican que una serie de obstáculos para la captación y retención podrían afectar a la eficacia de una estrategia como ésta, especialmente en cuanto a la intersección de las acciones de emigrantes de países de ECE con las oportunidades del mercado laboral y las políticas británicas sobre inmigración y bienestar. Debido a estos resultados abogamos por una revaloración del enfoque actual para la emigración gestionada.

Emigrantes económicos de ECE Captación Retención Acciones Política

JEL classifications:

Notes

Individuals arriving in the UK from CEE countries are required to register if they are employed in the UK for over one month. Registration does not apply to those who are self-employed or who are dependent on those working. Not all economic migrants have registered for the WRS and as it only measures official (initial) registrations by place of work, it provides little information on the ‘stock’ of migrants within the UK.

In the same period, around 1.035 million National Insurance registrations were made by CEE nationals (Department for Work and Pensions, Citation2008). The discrepancy in the figures is explained to an extent by the fact that self-employed CEE migrant workers are not required to register with the WRS.

The five Tiers of the PBS are replacing the existing eighty different routes by which a non-EEA national can come to the UK to work, study, or train. Tier 1 focuses on ‘Highly skilled individuals to contribute to growth and productivity’; Tier 2 includes ‘Skilled workers with a job offer to fill gaps in the UK labour force’; Tier 3 involves ‘Limited numbers of low-skilled workers needed to fill specific temporary labour shortages’; Tier 4 targets ‘Students’; and Tier 5 focuses on ‘Youth mobility and temporary workers: people allowed into the UK for a limited period of time to satisfy primarily non-economic objectives’ (UK Border Agency, 2008).

This is notwithstanding Matthews and Ruhs's (2007) recent work on CEE immigrants working within the hospitality sector.

The most recent available data from Skills for Care (April 2007) show an overall sector turnover rate of 19.3% and a vacancy rate of 3.8% (Skills for Care, Citation2007).

Vacancies for ‘Care Assistants and Home Carers’ notified by Jobcentre Plus on average have increased slightly from 3.8% (January–December 2004) to 6.1% (January–December 2008) for England (National On-line Manpower Information System (NOMIS), 2009). However, such data do not collect details of the nationality of new recruits to the sector by social care establishments, and it is, therefore, impossible to attribute any change in vacancy rates over time to the availability (or not) of CEE or other overseas nationals in the job market.

Log in via your institution

Log in to Taylor & Francis Online

PDF download + Online access

  • 48 hours access to article PDF & online version
  • Article PDF can be downloaded
  • Article PDF can be printed
USD 53.00 Add to cart

Issue Purchase

  • 30 days online access to complete issue
  • Article PDFs can be downloaded
  • Article PDFs can be printed
USD 211.00 Add to cart

* Local tax will be added as applicable

Related Research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.