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Original Articles

Strategic Regionalization and the Media: Examples from Germany's Regional Public Broadcasts

Pages 1220-1234 | Received 01 Jan 2010, Published online: 05 Apr 2012
 

Abstract

Felgenhauer T. Strategic regionalization and the media: examples from Germany's regional public broadcasts, Regional Studies. The media play a vital role in defining the spatial reality in which we live. Broadcasting stations, television programmes and newspapers transform all topics of interest by placing them within a regional context. In Germany, the federal states' public broadcasting stations exist to provide a regional framework for news and entertainment. Most strikingly, certain television series present narratives of a region's history which override its current territorial shape. This article examines similar television series from three regional public German broadcasting stations focusing respectively on the histories of Mitteldeutschland (Middle-Germany), Bayern (Bavaria) and Brandenburg. Based on the qualitative analysis of data derived from these programmes, it is argued that simulated authenticity linked to a rhetoric of naturalization are crucial elements in policies of ‘top-down regionalization’.

Felgenhauer T. 战略性区划与媒体:来自德国区域公共广播的例子, 区域研究. 媒体在确定我们生活所在的空间事实上具有极其重要的作用。广播电台、电视节目和报纸通过将所有感兴趣的话题置于区域背景来改变它们。在德国,联邦政府的公共广播电台为新闻和娱乐提供了一个区域框架。最令人吃惊的是,一些电视系列节目竟然播出一些改写一个区域的本来地域形象的历史故事。本文分析来自德国三个区域公共广播电台的类似电视节目,它们分别关注中部德国、巴伐利亚和勃兰登堡的历史。基于对从这些节目获得的资料的质性分析,本文认为与归化的修辞表达相关联的、看上去很像的真实性,是 “自上而下区划” 政策的关键要素。

区域认同 文化地理 质性研究 区域广播 认同的政治学

Felgenhauer T. La régionalisaton stratégique et les médias: des exemples provenant des émissions de la radiotélévision publique en Allemagne, Regional Studies. Les médias jouent un rôle essentiel dans la définition de la réalité spatiale où nous vivons. Les stations émettrices, les émissions à la télévision et les journaux transforment tous les sujets d'intérêt en les remettant dans un contexte régional. En Allemagne, les stations de radiotélévision publique des états fédéraux fournissent un cadre régional pour les informations et le divertissement. Plus particulièrement, certaines séries à la télévision présentent des histoires de la région qui passent outre ses délimitations actuelles. Cet article cherche à examiner des séries similaires provenant de trois stations régionales de radiotélévision publique en Allemagne qui focalisent respectivement les histoires de Mitteldeutschland (l'Allemagne centrale), de Bayern (la Bavière) et de Brandenburg. À partir de l'analyse qualitative des données auprès de ces émissions, on affirme que l'authenticité stimulée liée à une rhétorique de naturalisation sont des éléments primordiaux des politiques de ‘régionalisation du haut vers le bas’.

Identité régionale Géographie culturelle Recherche qualitative Émission régionale Politique de l'identité

Felgenhauer T. Strategische Regionalisierung und die Medien. Beispiele des deutschen regionalen Rundfunks, Regional Studies. Medien spielen eine bedeutende Rolle in der Konstruktion der räumlichen Wirklichkeit, in der wir leben. Rundfunkstationen, Fernsehprogramme und Zeitungen transformieren Themen und Gegenstände, indem sie diese in einen regionalen Kontext einbetten. In Deutschland sind Sendeanstalten auf Länderebene damit befasst, Nachrichten und Unterhaltung in einem regionalen Rahmen bereitzustellen. Dabei fallen Fernsehserien ins Auge, die ein historisches Narrativ und damit eine historische Geographie konstruieren. Der Artikel untersucht drei ähnliche Serien von verschiedenen regionalen Sendeanstalten mit Bezug auf Mitteldeutschland, Bayern und Brandenburg. Auf der Grundlage einer qualitativen Studie wird gezeigt, dass Rhetoriken der Authentizität und der Naturalisierung als Elemente einer ‘Top-Down-Regionalisierung’ betrachtet werden können.

Regionale Identität Kulturgeographie Qualitative Forschung Regionaler Rundfunk Identitätspolitik

Felgenhauer T. Regionalización estratégica y los medios de comunicación: ejemplos de las radiodifusoras públicas regionales en Alemania, Regional Studies. Los medios de comunicación desempeñan una función vital a la hora de definir la realidad espacial en la que vivimos. Las estaciones de radiodifusión, los programas de televisión y los periódicos transforman todos los temas de interés al situarlos en un contexto regional. En Alemania, las emisoras públicas de radiodifusión en los estados federales existen para facilitar una estructura regional a las noticias y los programas de entretenimiento. Lo más sorprendente es que hay series de televisión que presentan relatos históricos de la región haciendo caso omiso de su actual forma territorial. En este artículo examinamos tres series de televisión similares de emisoras públicas de radiodifusión regionales de Alemania que se centran en las historias de Alemania central, Baviera y Brandenburgo, respectivamente. Basándonos en el análisis cualitativo de los datos que proceden de estos programas, argumentamos que la autenticidad simulada vinculada a una retórica de naturalización son elementos cruciales en las políticas de regionalización descendente.

Identidad regional Geografía cultural Estudio cualitativo Radiodifusión regional Política identitaria

JEL classifications:

Acknowledgments –

The author would like to thank Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk (MDR), Bayerischer Rundfunk (BR) and Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg (RBB) for their cooperation. Also, the DFG (German Research Foundation) is thanked for funding the research project on Mitteldeutschland.

Notes

Charles Taylor, for example, identifies the origins of the quest for natural and essential entities in romanticist thinking as a form of resistance to modern rationalism (Taylor, Citation1989).

Issues of the reception and interpretation of the programmes have been widely discussed (Hall, Citation1974/1994; Fiske, Citation1987).

Die Brandenburger was subject to a sociological research project at the University of Potsdam.

In fact, the broadcasting areas did not widely overlap during the times of conventional terrestrial broadcasting technology when the idea of separated regional broadcasting institutions was actually implemented.

The BR is asked ‘der Eigenart Bayerns gerecht werden …’ (‘to reflect the unique character of Bavaria …’) (BR constitution).

The RBB ‘spiegelt die Vielfalt beider Länder wider …’ (‘reflects the diversity of both states …’) (RBB constitution, signed by the federal states of Berlin and Brandenburg).

Die Gliederung des Sendegebietes in Länder ist auch in den gemeinsam veranstalteten Programmen angemessen zu berücksichtigen …’ (‘the subdivision of the broadcasting area in federal states has to be considered adequately by the commonly created programmes …’) (MDR constitution, signed by the federal states of Thuringia, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt).

Die Geschichte Mitteldeutschlands was subject to a research project conducted at the University of Jena and funded by the DFG (German Research Foundation).

For example, see Amin (Citation2004, p. 35); and with special focus on national/regional broadcasting, see Harvey and Robins's Citation(1994) work on the BBC and its tendency to centralize the programme in and around the London area.

For a detailed introduction of the series and an analysis of its content, see Rost et al. (2007, pp. 329ff.).

The sequence is available on You Tube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_TJZSepHYg (accessed on 27 March 2009).

Even the explicit renaming of cities was a common strategy within the Communist states. For example, Chemnitz in Saxony was renamed as ‘Karl-Marx-Stadt’ in 1953. The name was changed back in 1990.

In The History of Bavaria it is assigned as ‘Bismarcks Dampfwalze der Vereinigung Deutschlands’ (‘Bismarck's steamroller of Germany's unification’) (Prinz, Citation2003, p. 385).

The special antagonism of urban Berlin and rural Brandenburg is discussed by Rost et al. (2007, p. 345).

suggests the absence of a choice here, but, for example, Thuringia around 1900 consisted of about a dozen small but independent states – far from territorial homogenity.

‘Windeliker’, ‘Noriker’ and ‘Boier’ are ancient tribes that settled on the recent territory of Bavaria.

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