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Original Articles

Political Decentralization, Economic Growth and Regional Disparities in the OECD

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Pages 388-401 | Received 01 Jan 2011, Published online: 25 Oct 2012
 

Abstract

Ezcurra R. and Rodríguez-Pose A. Political decentralization, economic growth and regional disparities in the OECD, Regional Studies. Recent scholarly work has addressed whether decentralization affects economic growth and regional disparities, by typically resorting to fiscal decentralization, while disregarding political decentralization indices. This article covers this gap by investigating the association between different political decentralization indices with two measures of economic performance: changes in gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and in territorial inequalities. The results suggest a lack of statistical relationship between political decentralization and economic growth, regardless of how political decentralization is measured. In the case of regional disparities, the results depend on the index used and range from the absence of a link to a positive association between both factors.

Ezcurra R. and Rodríguez-Pose A. 经济发展与合作组织(OECD)中的政治去中心化、经济成长与区域差距,区域研究。近年来的学术研究处理去中心化是否会影响经济成长与区域差距的议题时,通常是藉由诉诸财政去中心化,但却忽略政治去中心化的指标。本文以下列两种经济表现方法,透过探讨各种政治去中心化指标之间的联系,填补上述研究阙如:人均国内生产总值(GDP)以及领域性不平等的变迁。研究结果指出政治去中心化与经济成长之间缺乏统计关系,不论政治去中心化如何测量。至于区域差距方面,研究结果取决于所使用的指标,并有着从缺乏关联性到两者之间为正相关等不等之结果。

政治去中心化 经济成长 区域差距 区域 经济发展与合作组织(OECD)

Ezcurra R. et Rodríguez-Pose A. La décentralisation politique, la croissance économique et les écarts régionaux dans les pays de l'OCDE, Regional Studies. Des travaux savants récents ont porté sur la question de savoir si, oui ou non, la décentralisation influe sur la croissance économique et les écarts régionaux, ayant généralement recours à la décentralisation fiscale tout en mettant de côté les indices de la décentralisation politique. Cet article cherche à colmater cette brèche en examinant le rapport entre diverses indices de décentralisation politique à partir de deux mesures de la performance économique: à savoir, la variation du produit intérieur brut (PIB) par tête et des écarts régionaux. Les résultats laissent supposer l'absence d'une corrélation statistique entre la décentralisation politique et la croissance économique, quelle que soit la façon d'estimer la décentralisation politique. Pour ce qui concerne les écarts régionaux, les résultats dépendent de l'indice employée, allant de l'absence d'aucun lien à la forte corrélation entre les deux facteurs.

Décentralisation politique Croissance économique Écarts régionaux Régions Organisation de coopération et de développement économique (OCDE)

Ezcurra R. und Rodríguez-Pose A. Politische Dezentralisierung, Wirtschaftswachstum und regionale Disparitäten in der OECD, Regional Studies. In den akademischen Arbeiten der letzten Zeit wurde die Frage untersucht, ob sich eine Dezentralisierung auf das Wirtschaftswachstum und die regionalen Disparitäten auswirkt, wobei in der Regel auf Indizes für fiskale Dezentralisierung zurückgegriffen wurde, ohne die Indizes für politische Dezentralisierung zu berücksichtigen. In diesem Beitrag schließen wir diese Lücke, indem wir den Zusammenhang zwischen verschiedenen Indizes für politische Dezentralisierung und zwei Maßstäben der Wirtschaftsleistung untersuchen: den Veränderungen beim Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) pro Kopf und bei der territorialen Ungleichheit. Unabhängig von der Methode zur Messung der politischen Dezentralisierung lassen die Ergebnisse auf eine mangelnde statistische Beziehung zwischen politischer Dezentralisierung und Wirtschaftswachstum schließen. Im Fall der regionalen Disparitäten hängen die Ergebnisse vom verwendeten Index ab und reichen vom Fehlen einer Verbindung bis hin zu einer positiven Beziehung zwischen den beiden Faktoren.

Politische Dezentralisierung Wirtschaftswachstum Regionale Disparitäten Regionen Organisation für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (OECD)

Ezcurra R. y Rodríguez-Pose A. Descentralización política, crecimiento económico y disparidades regionales en la OCDE, Regional Studies. Investigaciones recientes han estudiado hasta qué punto los procesos de descentralización afectan al crecimiento económico y a las disparidades regionales, utilizando índices de descentralización fiscal en detrimento de los índices de descentralización política. Este artículo analiza precisamente la relación entre distintos índices de descentralización política con dos indicadores de desempeño económico básicos: cambios en el PIB per cápita y en los desequilibrios territoriales. Los resultados del índice señalan una ausencia de relación entre la descentralización política y el crecimiento económico, independientemente del índice de descentralización política utilizado. En lo que respecta a las disparidades regionales, los resultados dependen del índice utilizado y varían desde una ausencia total de relación hasta una asociación positiva entre ambos factores.

Descentralización política Crecimiento económico Disparidades regionales Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

JEL classifications:

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Arjan Schakel for facilitating access to his political decentralization indices database, which was used for the key explanatory variables in the paper. Comments by the special issue editors, Charlie Jeffery and Arjan Schakel, as well as by two external referees, led to significant improvements in the paper. The authors would also like to acknowledge the generous financial support of the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013)/ERC Grant Agreement Number 269868, of a Leverhulme Trust Major Research Fellowship, and of Project ECO2011-29314-C02-01 of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness.

Notes

It is not the role of this paper to highlight what is understood by political decentralization. It simply resorts, instead, to the different interpretations of political decentralization of the authors of the different indices.

For further details about the definition of all the variables used in this paper and the data sources employed in each case, see Appendix A.

The countries included in the study are: Australia, Austria, Canada, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States.

Schmidt's Citation(1996), Lijphart's Citation(1999) and Brancati's Citation(2006) indices provide respectively average evaluations for the periods 1960–1990, 1945–1996, and 1985–2000. In turn, Treisman's Citation(2002) indicator reflects the situation in the mid-1990s. Colomer Citation(1995) and Woldendorp et al. Citation(2000) did not refer to a precise time point for their indices.

The first column in shows the results obtained when Model Equation(1) is estimated using the value of the Hooghe et al.'s (2008) RAI at the beginning of the study period. The conclusions of the analysis are not affected if the average value of the RAI between 1980 and 2005 is employed.

These results are not included in the paper for the sake of brevity, but they are available from the authors upon request.

For further details, see note 4. In the case of Hooghe et al.'s (2008) RAI, the average value of the period 1990–1995 is used.

Luxembourg and Iceland had to be excluded due to the lack of regional data.

These results are not included in the paper for the sake of brevity, but they are available from the authors upon request.

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