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Original Articles

On the Link between Urban Location and the Involvement of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services Firms in Collaboration Networks

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Pages 1160-1175 | Received 10 Feb 2012, Accepted 28 Jun 2013, Published online: 05 Aug 2013
 

Abstract

Herstad S. J. and Ebersberger B. On the link between urban location and the involvement of knowledge-intensive business services firms in collaboration networks, Regional Studies. Knowledge-intensive business services firms can play a key role in modern economies by linking localized collaboration networks to global knowledge flows, and by actively serving in support of knowledge diffusion across institutional and sectoral divides. The extent to which they do is dependent on the resources available locally. This paper uses the unique establishment-level innovation data available in Norway to investigate whether location in urban labour market regions influences the geographical scope of collaborative linkages maintained within and outside the realm of clients. It proceeds to consider whether the diversity of partner types used locally, domestically and abroad differ between locations.

Herstad S. J. and Ebersberger B. 城市区位与知识密集型服务企业在合作网络中的连结,区域研究。知识密集型服务企业,透过将在地化的合作网络连结至全球知识流,以及积极支持跨越制度和部门分隔的知识扩散,在现代经济中扮演着重要的角色。它们进展的程度,取决于在地可及的资源。本文运用挪威可取得的独特的创立层级之创新资料,探讨城市劳动市场区域中的区位,是否会影响在客户之中及之外所维繫的合作连结之地理范围。本文将接着考量在地、全国以及国外所使用的伙伴类型之差异,在各区位中是否有所不同。

Herstad S. J. et Ebersberger B. Le lien entre la localisation urbaine et l'engagement des services aux entreprises à forte intensité de connaissances dans les réseaux de collaboration, Regional Studies. Les services aux entreprises à forte intensité de connaissances peuvent jouer un rôle clé dans les économies d'aujourd'hui en reliant les réseaux de collaboration mis en place sur le plan local aux flux mondiaux de connaissances, et en soutenant activement la diffusion de connaissances au-delà des clivages institutionnels et sectoriels. À quel point ils le font dépend des ressources disponibles à l'échelle locale. Cet article emploie des données uniques sur l'innovation recueillies au niveau de l'établissement en Norvège pour examiner si, oui ou non, la localisation dans des bassins d'emplois urbains influe sur la portée géographique des liens de coopération maintenus à l'intérieur comme à l'extérieur du domaine où le client est roi. On considère si, oui ou non, la diversité des types de partenaire employées sur le plan local, au niveau national et à l'échelle internationale varie suivant l'emplacement.

Herstad S. J. und Ebersberger B. Die Verbindung zwischen urbanen Standorten und der Einbeziehung von Firmen für wissensintensive Geschäftsdienste in kooperative Netzwerke, Regional Studies. Firmen für wissensintensive Geschäftsdienste können in einer modernen Wirtschaft eine wichtige Rolle spielen, weil sie lokalisierte kooperative Netzwerke mit globalen Wissensströmen verbinden und die Verbreitung von Wissen über institutionelle und sektorale Grenzen hinweg aktiv unterstützen. Wie stark sie diese Funktion wahrnehmen, hängt von den vor Ort verfügbaren Ressourcen ab. In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir mit Hilfe von eindeutigen Daten über die Innovation auf Firmenebene in Norwegen, ob sich der Standort in urbanen Arbeitsmarktregionen auf den geografischen Umfang von kooperativen Verbindungen innerhalb und außerhalb des Bereichs der Kunden auswirkt. Anschließend erörtern wir, ob die Vielfalt der vor Ort, im Inland und im Ausland genutzten Partnertypen je nach Standort unterschiedlich ausfällt.

Herstad S. J. y Ebersberger B. El vínculo entre la ubicación urbana y la participación de sociedades para servicios a empresas intensivos en conocimiento en las redes de colaboración, Regional Studies. Las sociedades para servicios a empresas intensivos en conocimiento pueden desempeñar un papel primordial en las economías modernas porque conectan las redes de colaboración localizadas a los flujos de conocimiento global, y apoyan activamente la divulgación del conocimiento a través de límites institucionales y sectoriales. La medida en la que desempeñan estas funciones depende de los recursos disponibles localmente. En este artículo utilizamos los datos únicos de innovación disponibles para empresas en Noruega con la finalidad de investigar si la ubicación en regiones con un mercado laboral urbano influye en el alcance geográfico de los vínculos colaboradores mantenidos dentro o fuera del entorno de clientes. Después consideramos si la diversidad de tipos de socios en un ámbito local, nacional e internacional es diferente entre las ubicaciones.

JEL classifications:

Acknowledgements

Research for this article was funded by the Research Council of Norway under the project ‘Economic Development Paths in Norwegian Regions’ (Contract Number 209769/H20). It is inspired by work previously conducted by the authors under the Councils ‘Programme for Regional R&D and Innovation’ (VRI). The financial support received, and the valuable input provided by two anonymous reviewers and the editors, is gratefully acknowledged. Yet, the usual disclaimers apply.

Notes

1. NACE = Nomenclature statistique des activités économiques dans la Communauté européenne Rev. 1.1 (SN2002).

2. As an example of how involvement indexes are constructed, consider a firm engaged in client collaboration only in the Nordic countries and in Asia. In the NACE two-digit sector of this firm, collaboration with customers within the Nordic countries is rather common as 80% of the firms maintain such collaboration. Collaboration with customers in the European Union is maintained by 65%, in North America by 60%, in Asia by 25% and elsewhere by 30%. Before logarithmic transformation, the scope of client involvement would be:

Similarly, consider a firm in a sector where 50% collaborate with clients locally; 15% do so with suppliers locally and 7% with research institutes locally. The average for local collaboration with universities, competitors, consultancy firms, and private R&D laboratories is 1% in all cases. If this single firm maintains local client collaboration, supplier collaboration and university collaboration, the breadth of local involvement would be 2.34 before log transformation. If the same firm also collaborates with a local research institute, the involvement score would increase by 1*(1 – 0.07), that is, by 0.93.

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