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Original Articles

Path Renewal in Old Industrial Regions: Possibilities and Limitations for Regional Innovation Policy

, &
Pages 850-865 | Received 12 Sep 2012, Accepted 23 Sep 2014, Published online: 06 Dec 2014
 

Abstract

Coenen L., Moodysson J. and Martin H. Path renewal in old industrial regions: possibilities and limitations for regional innovation policy, Regional Studies. This paper analyses the potential, barriers and limitations for regional innovation policy to facilitate industrial renewal in old industrial regions. It draws on a case analysis of the policy programme ‘Biorefinery of the Future’ geared to promote renewal of the forest industry in Northern Sweden. It is shown that infusion of radical emergent technology is necessary for new regional path development, but not sufficient. To avoid a singular focus on technology-push, policy should pay more attention to complementary experimentation processes in relation to demand-side characteristics, firm strategies and business models as well as regulatory aspects. Moreover, coordination between regional innovation policy and adjacent domains and levels of policy-making is needed as some of the most pressing obstacles for renewal are not specific to the region but instead to the industry at large.

Coenen L., Moodysson J. and Martin H. 旧工业区的路径革新 :区域创新政策的可能性与限制,区域研究。本文分析区域创新政策促进旧工业区域的产业革新的潜力、障碍与限制。本文将分析一个促进瑞典北部林业革新、名为“未来的生物提炼”的政策计画。本文显示,新的区域路径发展,需要激进的新兴科技,但该科技本身却并不足够。为了避免单一聚焦于科技推力,政策必须更为关注与需求面特徵、企业策略、商业模式及规范面向有关的补充性实验过程。此外,区域创新政策与政策制定的邻近范畴及层级之间,必须进行协调,因为追求革新的最为迫切的障碍之中,部分并不只专属于该区域,而是对整体产业皆然。

Coenen L., Moodysson J. et Martin H. La voie du renouveau dans les anciennes régions industrielles: les possibilités et les limites en matière de politique en faveur de l'innovation régionale, Regional Studies. Cet article analyse le potentiel, les obstacles et les limites quant à la politique en faveur de l'innovation régionale visant le renouveau industriel dans les anciennes régions industrielles. On puise dans une étude de cas, à savoir le programme politique appellé ‘La bioraffinerie de l'avenir’ qui est axé sur la promotion du renouveau de l'industrie forestière dans le nord de la Suède. On montre que l'apport de la nouvelle technologie radicale est une condition nécessaire mais pas suffisante pour le développement de nouvelles voies régionales. Pour éviter de donner la priorité à une poussée technologique, la politique devrait prêter plus d'attention aux processus d'expérimentation complémentaires par rapport aux caractéristiques de la demande, aux strategies d'entreprises et aux modèles d'affaires ainsi qu'aux aspects réglementaires. Qui plus est, il faut la coordination entre la politique en faveur de l'innovation régionale et les domaines connexes et les niveaux de la mise au point de la politique parce que quelques-uns des principaux obstacles au renouveau ne sont pas spécifiques à la région mais plûtot à l'industrie en général.

Coenen L., Moodysson J. und Martin H. Pfaderneuerung in alten Industrieregionen: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der regionalen Innovationspolitik, Regional Studies. In diesem Beitrag werden das Potenzial, die Hindernisse und die Grenzen der regionalen Innovationspolitik für eine Industriesanierung in alten Industrieregionen untersucht. Ausgangspunkt ist die Fallanalyse des Politikprogramms ‘Bioraffinerie der Zukunft’ zur Förderung einer Erneuerung der Waldindustrie in Nordschweden. Wie sich zeigt, ist eine Infusion mit radikalen neuen Technologien zur Entwicklung eines neuen regionalen Pfades zwar erforderlich, aber nicht ausreichend. Um eine ausschließliche Betonung der Einführung von Technologie zu vermeiden, sollte die Politik stärker auf ergänzende experimentelle Prozesse im Zusammenhang mit den Merkmalen auf der Nachfrageseite, den Firmenstrategien und den Geschäftsmodellen sowie auf gesetzliche Aspekte achten. Darüber hinaus ist eine Koordination zwischen der regionalen Innovationspolitik und den angrenzenden politischen Bereichen und Stufen erforderlich, da einige der dringlichsten Hindernisse für eine Erneuerung nicht regionsspezifisch sind, sondern für die Branche als Ganzes gelten.

Coenen L., Moodysson J. y Martin H. Renovación de las rutas en antiguas regiones industriales: posibilidades y limitaciones de la política de innovación regional, Regional Studies. En este artículo analizamos el potencial, las barreras y las limitaciones de la política de innovación regional para facilitar la renovación industrial en antiguas regiones industriales. Nos basamos en un análisis de casos del programa político para la ‘Biorrefinería del Futuro’ cuyo objetivo es fomentar la renovación de la industria forestal del norte de Suecia. Mostramos que, aunque es necesaria una inyección de tecnología emergente radical para el desarrollo de nuevas rutas regionales, no es suficiente. Para evitar un enfoque único en la introducción de tecnología, las políticas deberían prestar más atención a los procesos de experimentación complementarios con relación a las características de la demanda, las estrategias de las empresas y los modelos comerciales así como los aspectos legislativos. Además, es necesaria una coordinación entre la política de innovación regional y los dominios y niveles adyacentes en la elaboración de políticas dado que algunos de los obstáculos más apremiantes para la renovación no son específicos de la región sino de la industria en general.

JEL classifications:

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Michaela Trippl, Markus Grillitsch, Bjørn Asheim, two anonymous referees as well as the editors and guest editors of Regional Studies for their comments that helped in improving the paper. Previous versions of this paper were presented at the 3rd Global Conference on Economic Geography 2011 in Seoul, Korea; at the Association of American Geographers Annual Meeting 2012 in New York; and the 3rd International Conference on Path Dependence 2014 in Berlin, Germany: the authors are grateful for all comments received. Finally, the authors extend their gratitude to all the interviewees who facilitated this research.

Notes

1. RITTS = Regional Innovation and Technology Transfer Strategies and Infrastructures.

2. For example, in 2009 softwood prices in Scandinavia were approximately US$350/tonne compared with US$90/tonne in South America (Fornell, Citation2010).

3. The VINNVÄXT programme is organized as a competition for regions where winning regions receive funding up to SEK10 million per year for a period of ten years. A prerequisite for the programme is the active participation of actors from private, public and research sectors and from the political sphere. Currently, 12 regional initiatives receive funding.

4. Processum AB is 60% owned by the SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden and 40% owned by 21 member companies.

5. To illustrate, Processum (the holding company for the biorefinery plant) has secured €55 million for an industrial-scale 200 MWth biofuel facility. However, it nonetheless cancelled the investment plans as an additional investment need for €275 million was considered too risky.

6. For a discussion about this process in connection with institutional entrepreneurship and commercialization of clean technology, see also Avdeitchikova and Coenen (Citation2015).

Additional information

Funding

Financial support, for which the authors are grateful, was provided by Nordic Energy Research (TOP-NEST project), the Swedish Energy Agency (KIBIOS project) and the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems, VINNOVA.

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