Hyperplastic polyp-like adenoma: a subtype of colonic adenoma with a proliferative zone confined to the lower two-thirds of the crypt

Abstract

Background

The proliferative zone of colonic adenomas is confined to the upper third of the crypt or is scattered along its entire axis. In contrast, there are unusual adenomas with proliferative zones confined to the lower two-thirds of the crypt. We investigated the frequency and endoscopic features of adenomas with lower proliferative zones.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopies between September 2022 and March 2023 at the Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic. Colorectal polyps were endoscopically assessed using the Japan Narrow-Band Imaging Expert Team (JNET) classification. All resected polyps were histologically examined, and the proliferative zone locations were assessed in the adenomas.

Results

The frequency of adenomas with a lower proliferative zone was 1.8% (44/2420) in adenomas. Among these adenomas, JNET type 1 incidence was 43.2% (19/44), which was significantly higher than that in adenomas with a normal proliferative zone. Adenomas with a lower proliferative zone were diminutive (mean size: 2.5 mm) and prone to develop in the proximal colon.

Conclusion

Colonic adenomas with proliferative zones confined to the lower two-thirds of the crypt often appear as diminutive, hyperplastic polyps.

Keywords:

• Colonic adenoma
• hyperplastic polyp
• proliferative zone
• JNET
• Ki67

Author contributions

TN analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. HW made the performed pathological diagnosis. SY, TA, TM, and KS performed endoscopy. AT and HE revised the manuscript. MF supervised the study. OT designed the study and recruited patients.

Ethics approval

This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Hattori Clinic on September 4, 2020 (approval no. S2009-U04).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.