Beneath the Surface: An Exploration of Neurobiological Alterations in Therapists Working With Trauma

Abstract

This article explores the potential neurobiological alterations in clinicians who are exposed to the traumatic experiences of their clients. The authors speculate on the role of mirror neurons, the autonomic nervous system, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, the amygdala, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, memory, and the left and right hemispheres. A view of these neurobiological processes is integrated with psychodynamic psychotherapy processes, and current conceptions of vicarious or secondary trauma. Implications for understanding the differential effects of trauma treatment on the therapist are explored.

KEYWORDS:

• vicarious trauma
• secondary traumatic stress
• neurobiology
• trauma
• trauma treatment

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Brian Rasmussen

Brian Rasmussen, PhD, is an associate professor in the School of Social Work at the University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, and an adjunct associate professor at Smith College School for Social Work.

Susan Bliss

Susan Bliss, PhD, LCSW, is an associate professor of Social Work at Molloy College and teaches in the Fordham University/Molloy College MSW Program.