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Articles

Erebia serotina Descimon & de Lesse 1953 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), a recurrent hybrid between two distantly related species

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Pages 100-116 | Accepted 05 Feb 2013, Published online: 24 May 2013
 

Summary

Erebia serotina was described in 1953 as a scarce, low-elevation endemic Pyrenean species flying late in the season. At least 34 individuals are known from various locations. However, the absence of females suggests a hybrid origin, and E. epiphron and either E. pronoe or E. manto have been proposed as possible parents. Electrophoretic analysis of five allozyme loci and sequencing of three mitochondrial DNA segments and one nuclear gene now demonstrate that E. serotina results from the cross between E. epiphron females and E. pronoe males. We have used our and previously published sequence data to generate a molecular phylogenetic tree of the genus Erebia which shows that these two species are only distantly related. The question of why they happen to hybridize on a seemingly routine basis is thus raised.

Résumé. Erebia serotina Descimon & de Lesse Citation1953 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), un hybride récurrent entre deux espèces phylogénétiquement éloignées. Erebia serotina a été décrit en 1953 et a été d'abord considéré comme une espèce endémique des Pyrénées, tardive et de basse altitude, dont au moins 34 individus ont été récoltés jusqu'ici dans diverses localités. Cependant, l'absence de femelles suggère une origine hybride, avec E. epiphron et soit E. manto, soit E. pronoe comme parents possibles. L'analyse électrophorétique de cinq loci enzymatiques et le séquençage de trois segments de l'ADN mitochondrial et d'un segment de gène nucléaire démontrent qu’E. serotina est le résultat du croisement entre femelles d'E. epiphron et mâles d’E. pronoe. Sur la base d'un arbre phylogénétique présenté ici, ces deux espèces ne sont que lointainement apparentées au sein du genre Erebia. La fréquence notable et la régularité de leur hybridation dans les Pyrénées n'en est que plus intrigante.

Acknowledgements

We warmly thank Robert Descimon and Arlette Descimon, respectively HD's brother and wife, as well as Pierre Boyer, for their help in the field. B. Lalanne-Cassou and the late J. Louis-Augustin provided information about their field observations on the E. serotina case. Gabriel Nève has provided helpful comments throughout the progress of this paper. This work is dedicated to the memory of H. de Lesse.

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