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Articles

Taxonomic composition of Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) inhabiting fluvial islands in the southern Brazilian Amazon

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Pages 407-413 | Accepted 25 Sep 2014, Published online: 16 Feb 2015
 

Summary

We evaluated the taxonomic composition of Scarabaeinae dung beetles inhabiting fluvial islands in Juruena River, southern Brazilian Amazon. We sampled seven islands and two localities on each side of the mainland. We collected 41 species, all of which are widely distributed in the Amazon rainforest. Nine of these were exclusive to the islands, 24 were exclusively found on the mainland while eight species were found in both the islands and the mainland. The insular dung beetle fauna is mainly composed of typical species of várzea forest or edge forest/gap with the absence of Eurysternus and elements of primary forest in the Amazon. This result suggests that three main processes are shaping these communities: flooding and associated disturbance events, resource competition (presence of primates) and differential dispersal power among species. Depending on the context and age of island formation all these processes could have different levels of importance. Specific questions regarding these processes requires a previous knowledge of the taxonomic composition of these communities.

Résumé

Composition taxonomique des Scarabaeinae bousiers (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae) d’îles fluviales en Amazonie brésilienne méridionale. Nous avons étudié la composition de la faune des Scarabaeinae coprophages d’îles fluviales sur la rivière Juruena, en Amazonie brésilienne méridionale, d’un point de vue d’une analyse taxinomique. Nnous avons effectué des prélèvements sur sept îles et deux localités témoins situées sur les berges continentales du fleuves. Nous avons récoltées 41 espèces. Toutes ces espèces sont largement distribués dans la forêt amazonienne. Neuf d’entre elles n’ont été rencontrées que sur les îles, 24 ne l’ont été que sur le continent et seulement huit sont communes aux deux entités. La faune des Scarabaeinae coprophages insulaires est composée principalement d’éléments de forêt várzea ou de lisière, sans représentant du genre Eurysternus, et d’éléments de forêt primaire amazonienne. Ces résultats suggèrent que trois paramètres modèlent la composition de la faune des bousiers en milieu insulaire fluvial: inondations et perturbations associées, compétition pour les ressources (liée à la présence de primates) et potentiel de dispersion des différentes espèces. En fonction du contexte et de l’âge de la formation des îles, ces trois paramètres revêtent une importance relative différente selon les espèces. L’analyse plus en profondeur de ces paramètres nécessite la description précise de la communauté étudiée d’un point de vue taxinomique.

Acknowledgments

We extend our thanks to Trond Larsen and Heid Viljanen for valuable comments on a previous version of this manuscript. We thank Gilberto and Carlos (Fininho) for the field support, and Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) and Office National des Forêts (ONF) for financial and logistic support. RVN and MSGC thank CAPES for Masters and PhD grants. During the sampling period, MSGC received a grant from ONF. WD received a doctoral fellowship from CNPq [Process No. 237339/2012-9]. FVM received a PDE grant from CNPq [302997/2013-0 and 484035/2013-4] and is also a CNPq research fellow [304925/2010-1]. This research was conducted as part of an ecology field course provided by the Ecology and Conservation of Biodiversity Graduate Program of the UFMT. Collections were done under the Ecology Field Course of Ecology and Biodiveristy program of UFMT, so the authors thank all professors, students and collaborators who helped with intellectual and logistic support.

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