Guyon, Jung, and the Representation of Male Consciousness in Faerie Queene II

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Notes

1. Reference to Faerie Queene is from Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, ed. A. C. Hamilton (1980; rpt. London: Longman, 1987).

2. The pre‐eminent account of The Faerie Queene in relation to Jungian thought is Benjamin G. Lockerd, Jr's The Sacred Marriage: Psychic Integration in The Faerie Queene (Lewisburg: Bucknell University Press, 1987). Although Lockerd discusses anima projections in relation to Redcrosse, he does not do so in relation to Guyon; moreover, his account of the sacred marriage topos—and of Guyon's masculinity as the knight of Temperance—in Book Two does not bear on our argument in this essay.

3. For a standard discussion of the Venus Victrix myth, see Edgar Wind, Pagan Mysteries in The Renaissance (1958; rpt. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1967), pages 88–96.

4. On the Petrarchan politics of Ralegh's courtiership, see: A. D. Cousins, “The Coming of Mannerism: The Later Ralegh and the Early Donne,” English Literary Renaissance, 9 (1979), 86–107; also, idem, “Ralegh's Commendatory Poem on Spenser's Faerie Queene,” The Explicator, 41 (1983),14–16.

5. What Mammon goes on to say recalls, in some respects, Hans Eworth's portrayal of Elizabeth as supplanting the three goddesses.

6. James Nohrnberg, The Analogy of The Faerie Queene (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1976), pages 46–47 and also 331–343. However, see as well Robin Lane Fox, Pagans and Christians (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1986), pages 52–55. It should be mentioned here that Nohrnberg does associate Guyon with the anima, but not with anima projections as such and not as we do in this discussion. See for example pages 299, 324 and 345 of his monograph.

7. James Hillman, Anima: An Anatomy of a Personified Notion (Dallas: Spring Publications, 1985), page 11. Hereafter cited as Hillman.

8. Hillman, 12–13.

9. See: John L. King, Spenser's Poetry and the Reformation Tradition (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990), pages 114–120, especially at 118; Susanne L. Wofford, “The Faerie Queene, Books I–III,” in Andrew Hadfield, ed., The Cambridge Companion to Spenser (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), pages 106–123.

10. On Venus Meretrix and Venus Mechanitis see A. D. Cousins, Shakespeare's Sonnets and Narrative Poems (Harlow: Longman, 2000), pages 22 and 17.

11. Northrop Frye, “The Structure of Imagery in The Faerie Queene” in Essential Articles for the Study of Edmund Spenser,” ed. A. C. Hamilton (Hamden: Archon Books, 1972), pages 153–170, at page 165.

12. Steven F. Walker, Jung and The Jungians on Myth (New York: Routledge, 2002), pages 47–8.

13. James Carscallen, “The Goodly Frame of Temperance: The Metaphor of Cosmos in The Faerie Queene, Book Two” in Essential Articles for the Study of Edmund Spenser,” ed. A. C. Hamilton, pages 347–365, at 361–362. Hereafter cited as Carscallen.

14. Carscallen, 363.

15. Hillman, 9.