Crack Saturation as a Mechanism of Acclimatization of Panel Paintings to Unstable Environments

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the process of crack saturation, which is fundamental to understanding why panel paintings have survived remarkably well in the uncontrolled environments of historic houses or places of worship for several centuries. The process of crack saturation was analyzed using finite element modeling. A double layer elastic model with fractured overlying paint layer was subjected to uniaxial tension. The critical separation between cracks was determined and compared with patterns observed in real paintings. In addition, the generation and propagation of delamination were studied to elucidate the effect of their propagation on the saturation distance of cracks, as well as the load carrying ability of the paint layer. Contributing modes of crack propagation and their significance are also discussed. The results demonstrate that shearing fracture mode dominates the process of delamination. The impact of crack saturation on the degree of relative humidity variation that is allowable is also discussed.

KEYWORDS:

• Panel paintings
• environmental specification
• mechanical damage
• craquelure pattern
• fracture saturation
• critical crack spacing

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

ORCID

Łukasz Bratasz http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5277-2606