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Original Research or Treatment Paper

Building on Successful Mechanical and Passive Environmental Controls for Preventive Conservation Through Data Analysis at National Museum Cardiff, Wales

Aprovechamiento de Controles Ambientales Pasivos y Mecánicos Exitosos para la Conservación Preventiva mediante Análisis de Datos en el Museo Nacional de Cardiff, Gales

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Received 13 Nov 2023, Accepted 01 Jul 2024, Published online: 17 Jul 2024
 

ABSTRACT

Amgueddfa Cymru’s National Museum Cardiff in Cardiff, Wales, houses fine arts, natural science, and archaeological collections in a Grade I-listed historic building. With over 50 individual air handling units in addition to the original building-wide ventilation system, critical examination of how to create sustainable spaces and reduce energy consumption has been a goal of the museum for two decades. This paper will present the evolution of two techniques, and discuss their successes and limitations. The first – system shutdowns – has been successful, and has been taken further by switching some spaces entirely to passive control by blocking ductwork; preventing inappropriate conditions from entering the room via HVAC has led to an improvement in these specific cases. The second technique of seasonal set points required regular manual programming of the set points and was not responsive to short-term varying conditions, often resulting in high RH; a set of four basic guidelines was then developed to change the HVAC programming to better address this risk throughout the year. The impact of both techniques was analyzed using the widely available Microsoft Power BI™ program, whose focus on data visualization makes generating and modifying graphs easier than in Microsoft Excel. Following some of the tenets of sustainable environmental management including the value of a cross-disciplinary team, commitment to an ongoing process, and thorough data analysis, this work has allowed for preservation and energy efficiency beyond initial gains.

El Museo Nacional Cardiff de Amgueddfa Cymru en Cardiff, Gales, alberga colecciones de bellas artes, ciencias naturales y arqueología en un edificio histórico catalogado de Grado I. Con más de 50 unidades individuales de tratamiento de aire, además del sistema de ventilación original para todo el edificio, el examen crítico de cómo crear espacios sostenibles y reducir el consumo de energía ha sido un objetivo del museo durante dos décadas. Este artículo presentará la evolución de dos técnicas y discutirá sus éxitos y limitaciones. El primero (apagados del sistema) ha tenido éxito y se ha ido más allá al cambiar completamente algunos espacios al control pasivo mediante el bloqueo de los conductos; evitar que entren condiciones inadecuadas en la habitación a través de HVAC ha supuesto una mejora en estos casos específicos. La segunda técnica de puntos de ajuste estacionales requiere una programación manual regular de los puntos de ajuste y no responde a condiciones variables de corto plazo, lo que a menudo resulta en una humedad relativa alta. Luego se desarrolló un conjunto de cuatro pautas básicas para cambiar la programación de HVAC y abordar mejor este riesgo durante todo el año. El impacto de ambas técnicas se analizó utilizando el programa Microsoft Power BI™, ampliamente disponible, cuyo enfoque en la visualización de datos hace que generar y modificar gráficos sea más fácil que en Microsoft Excel. Siguiendo algunos de los principios de la gestión ambiental sostenible, incluido el valor Apagado deliberado de de un equipo interdisciplinario, el compromiso con un proceso continuo y un análisis de datos exhaustivo, este trabajo ha permitido la preservación y la eficiencia energética más allá de las ganancias iniciales.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the current and former staff at Amgueddfa Cymru’s National Museum Cardiff, in particular in the Collection Services and Buildings and Estates departments, without whose collaboration this work would not be possible, especially Dr Christian Baars, Gareth Jones, and Ian Johns. Thanks also to Christopher Bond at Bemac who has served as the Museum’s contracted BMS engineer to implement the programming changes discussed in this paper. Finally, a thank you to the two reviewers and the editors for their review and suggestions.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

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