Investigation of the activity of palladium nanoparticles supported on mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride in Heck and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions

Abstract

Addressed herein is the effective catalytic performance of palladium nanoparticles supported on mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-CN/Pd) for the Heck coupling reaction of alkenes with various aryl halides. The presented catalytic C–C bond formation reaction was carried out in a high-pressure glass tube for 4 hours in an aqueous solution EtOH/H₂O (v/v 2/1). The corresponding alkene products were obtained in relatively high yields as E-selective under the optimized conditions. The catalyst's utility in the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction was also investigated under almost identical conditions. Moreover, these reactions proceeded smoothly with both electron-rich and electron-deficient aryl iodides and aryl bromides. The nanocatalyst can be recovered from the reaction medium by centrifugation. It can be reused by preserving approximately 92% of its initial catalytic activity after the five consecutive reactions.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Graphitic carbon nitride
• Heck coupling
• heterogeneous nanocatalyst
• reusable
• Suzuki coupling

Acknowledgment

The author are grateful to Prof Önder Metin, who supported this research by useful discussions and laboratory facilities.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).