Microwave-Assisted Michael Addition of Diethyl Malonate with Ferrocenyl Substituted Chalcones Under Solvent-Free Conditions

Abstract

The article describes an efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly approach for Michael addition of diethyl malonate to ferrocenyl substituted chalcones in the presence of microwave irradiation under solvent-free conditions, affording the corresponding Michael adducts in moderate to good yields of 53–94%.

Keywords:

• Chalcone
• ferrocene
• Michael addition
• microwave irradiation
• solvent-free

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was partially supported by the Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province at Suzhou University (No. S8109108), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2006048), the National Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20472062, 20672079), the Nature Science Key Basic Research of Jiangsu Province for Higher Education (Nos. 06KJA15007, 05KJB150116, 05KJD150251), the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Technology (KF0402), the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection (JLCBE06008), and a research grant from the Innovation Project for Graduate Students of Jiangsu Province.

Notes

^a Mediated by powdered sodium hydroxide in the presence of microwave irradiation under solvent-free conditions.

^b Isolated yields.

^c See Ref. 8.

^d See Ref. 3.

^a The reaction was operated under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions.

^b Following amounts of bases were used: 1 mmol KOH, 1 mmol NaOH, and 0.3 g KF/Al₂O₃.

^c Isolated yields.