Track vertical irregularity estimation for railway bridges using a novel and lightweight deep-learning architecture

Abstract

A comprehensive methodology is presented for the estimation of track vertical irregularities of railway bridges from vehicle responses, based on a novel and lightweight multi-layer-perceptron (MLP) deep learning architecture. Firstly, a vehicle–track–bridge interaction (VTBI) model is established for the generation of the datasets of deep learning networks. Secondly, the lightweight deep learning architecture is meticulously designed to identify the track's vertical irregularities. Then, the effectiveness of the proposed technique is validated through examples of a single-span simple bridge and a three-span bridge. Further, the sensitivity of the present method against various factors is investigated, including different combinations of vehicle responses, measurement noise, vehicle speed and different classes of track irregularity. It is confirmed that the identified track irregularities of the railway bridges, regardless of irregularity class and noise level, are in excellent agreement with the ground-truth ones. The increase in vehicle speed to some extent reduces the estimation accuracy of the irregularity. The proposed method has higher identification accuracy and efficiency for longer irregularity sequences of multi-span railway bridges.

KEYWORDS:

• Track irregularity estimation
• vehicle–track–bridge interaction (VTBI)
• vehicle scanning method (VSM)
• on-board monitoring
• deep learning
• multi-layer-perceptron (MLP)

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This research is sponsored by the following agencies: Science and Technology Research and Development Program of China Railway Co., Ltd [grant number P2022G054], The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [grant number 2242024K40013], Start-up Research Fund of Southeast University [grant number RF1028623149].