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History of Education
Journal of the History of Education Society
Volume 37, 2008 - Issue 5
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Sources and Interpretations

Quantitative sources for the history of education

Pages 701-720 | Published online: 15 Sep 2008
 

Abstract

This paper proposes a critical reflection on the use of quantitative sources for the historian of education. It identifies and discusses key promises and challenges related to the construction and interpretation of historical statistics in education, drawing on a number of British and some French historiographical examples. Ultimately, the article encourages, where possible and appropriate, a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in order to identify trends and patterns in education and facilitate their contextualisation in terms of processes and meanings.

Acknowledgements

I am most grateful to Richard Aldrich, Peter Cunningham and Jane Martin for their comments on earlier versions of this paper.

Notes

1 J. Tosh, The Pursuit of History (London: Pearson, 2006), 30.

2 The first legislation for compulsory elementary education in Britain and the establishment of local School Boards. Also known after its originator, W.E. Forster, as the Forster Act.

3 D. Lawton and P. Gordon, HMI (London: Routledge, 1987), 5.

4 Ibid., 9.

5 British Parliamentary Papers, Accounts and Papers, Statistics of Inspection of Annual Grant Schools in England & Wales (1875–1902) (London: HMSO; British Parliamentary Papers, Accounts and Papers, Statistics of Inspection of Annual Grant Schools in Scotland (1875–1902) (London: HMSO). See P. Cockton, Subject Catalogue of the House of Commons Parliamentary Papers 1801–1900, Vol. 3 (Cambridge: Chadwyck‐Healey, 1988).

6 N. McCord, British History 1815–1906 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991), 196–200; A. Morton, Education and the State from 1833 (Richmond: Public Record Office, 1997), 47–8.

7 Royal Commissions came to be known by the name of their leading commissioner, public figures who espoused a particular interest in the field of enquiry.

8 Central Statistical Office (1849–1938), Statistical Abstract for the United Kingdom (London: HMSO).

9 Central Statistical Office (1938–1968), Annual Abstract of Statistics (London: HMSO).

10 Ministry of Education (1961–1995), Statistics of Education (London: HMSO); Government of Northern Ireland (1965), Public Education in Northern Ireland (Belfast: HMSO); Ministry of Education, (1965–1995), Statistics in Education in Wales (Cardiff: HMSO); Scottish Educational Department (1980–1988), Scottish Education Statistics (Edinburgh: HMSO).

11 Government Statistical Service (1967–1998), Education Statistics for the United Kingdom (London: HMSO); Government Statistical Service (1999–2000), Education and Training Statistics for the United Kingdom (London: HMSO).

12 University Grants Committee (1920–1965), Returns from Universities and University Colleges in Receipt of the Treasury Grants (London: HMSO); University Grants Committee (1966–1979), Statistics of Education, Vol. 6, University statistics (London: Universities’ Statistical Records; University Grants Committee (1980–1988), University Statistics (London: Universities’ Statistical Records); University Funding Council (1989–1994), University Statistics (London: Universities’ Statistical Records); Higher Education Statistics Agency (1995–current), Resources for Higher Education Institutions (Cheltenham: Higher Education Statistics Agency); Higher Education Statistics Agency (1995–current), Students in Higher Education Institutions (Cheltenham: Higher Education Statistics Agency).

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