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Webbia
Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography
Volume 63, 2008 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

La vegetazione della foce del fiume Salso (Sicilia meridionale)

The vegetation of the Salso River mouth (Southern Sicily)

Pages 109-133 | Accepted 25 May 2008, Published online: 14 Apr 2013
 

Riassunto

Nel presente lavoro, vengono riportati i risultati di un'indagine sulla vegetazione della foce del Fiume Salso, presso Licata (Sicilia meridionale). In quest'area umida, nonostante l'elevato impatto antropico, è ancora possibile osservare comunità vegetali di apprezzabile valore naturalistico. il sito accoglie anche una ricca avifauna locale e migratoria. La flora è rappresentata da un significativo contingente di psammofite, alofite e igrofite, fra cui Rumex palustris, terofita molto rara in Sicilia. Le comunità vegetali indagate nella suddetta area appartengono a varie classi fitosociologiche come: Cakiletea maritimae, che riunisce associazioni annuali alo-nitrofile legate ai suoli sabbiosi; Ammophiletea, riguardante le associazioni perenni tipiche delle dune costiere; Sarcocornietea fruticosae, che comprende associazioni che vivono in ambienti salmastri; Thero-Suadetea la quale raggruppa associazioni annuali estive caratterizzate da alofite succulente; Saginetea maritimae, che include associazioni primaverili dominate da piccole terofite alofile; Phragmito-Magnocaricetea, riguardante le associazioni igrofile differenziate da elofite perenni di grossa taglia; Stellarietea media, in cui vengono incluse le associazioni nitrofile annuali. L'associazione Rumicetum palustris appartenente all'alleanza Frankenion pulverulentae dei Saginetea maritimae viene qui descritta per la prima volta. Si analizzano anche i principali fattori che degradano la vegetazione naturale e vengono fornite linee guida per il restauro e la gestione ambientale.

The results of an investigation on the vegetation of the mouth of the Salso River near Licata (southern Sicily) are given. In this damp area, in spite of the heavy human impact, it is still possible to observe plant communities floristically well characterized, showing a certain naturalistic value. This site hosts a rich resident and migratory avifauna, too. The flora is represented by a remarkable pool of psammophytes, halophytes and hygrophytes, among them Rumex palustris, therophytes very rare in Sicily. The plant communities surveyed in this area belong to various phytosociological classes such as: Cakiletea maritimae, which groups annual halo-nitrophilous associations linked to sandy soils; Ammophiletea, regarding the perennial associations typical of the coastal dunes; Sarcocornietea fruticosae, including the associations occurring in the salt marshes; Thero-Suaedetea, grouping the summer annual associations characterized by succulent halophytes; Saginetea maritimae, which includes the spring associations dominated by small halophilous therophytes; Phragmito-Magnocaricetea, regarding the hygrophilous associations differentiated by perennial and tall helophytes; Stellarietea media, in which the annual nitrophilous associations are included. The association Rumicetum palustris belonging to the Frankenion pulverulentae alliance of the Saginetea maritimae is described for the first time. The main factors which affect the natural vegetation are also analyzed and guidelines for the environmental restoration and the management of this area are provided.

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