Abstract
Let R be a prime ring with left Martindale quotient ring R ℱ and symmetric Martindale quotient ring Q. Define, for an automorphism σ of R, R (σ) = {x ∈ R∣x σ = x}. Let σ and τ be automorphisms of R, and assume that σ is left R ℱ -algebraic. We show that R (σ) ⊆ R (τ) if and only if x τ = vx σ i v −1 for all x ∈ R, where i is an integer and where v is in the centralizer of R (σ) in Q.
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Communicated by M. Bresar.