Synthesis, characterization, photocatalytic activity, DNA interaction and antimicrobial studies of some lanthanide(III) complexes with a tridentate Schiff base ligand

Abstract

Lanthanide complexes of Sm(III), Nd(III), and Dy(III) with a Schiff base ligand, (potassium2-((4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino)acetate, derived from condensation of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde and 2-aminoethanoic acid were synthesized. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV–Vis, ¹H-NMR, ESI-MS, photoluminescence spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, magnetic susceptibility, and molar conductivity measurements. No well-defined peaks were observed in X-ray diffractograms of the synthesized complexes, indicating an amorphous nature. The Schiff base ligand is tridentate and coordinated with the metal ion through phenolic oxygen, azomethine nitrogen, and carboxylic oxygen. Thermal properties of the metal complexes were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) and revealed good thermal stability. The photocatalytic efficiencies of the complexes were explored using solar water-splitting. The optical band gaps (E_g) were measured and found to be 2.94, 2.86, and 2.82 eV for Sm(III), Nd(III), and Dy(III) complexes, respectively. These values indicated the semi-conducting nature of the investigated complexes. At room temperature, samarium and dysprosium complexes showed characteristic luminescence of the central metal ions ascribed to the efficient transfer of energy from the Schiff base ligand to the metal center under excitation at 390 nm. The binding properties of these complexes with calf-thymus DNA (CT-DNA) have been investigated using absorption spectrophotometry and fluorescence studies. The physicochemical properties such as hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, and stability of the DNA/complexes were also investigated. DNA cleavage activities of the compounds were assayed using the Agarose gel electrophoresis method. In-vitro antimicrobial activities of the compounds were screened against selected pathogenic strains by Agar well diffusion method.

Keywords:

• Schiff base lanthanide complexes
• luminescence
• photocatalytic efficiency
• DNA interaction
• antimicrobial activity

Acknowledgements

The author, B. Shyni, is gratefully thanked to University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India for providing Junior Research Fellowship and the facilities support from SAIF, Kochi for elemental analysis; Chemistry Department, Mahatma Gandhi College, Thiruvananthapuram for FT–IR and IIT-Bombay for FAR-IR spectral analysis. Central Laboratory of Instrumentation and Facilitation, University Campus, Kariavattom, for NMR Spectral study, UV–Vis and photoluminescence spectra. NIIST; Thiruvananthapuram, Pxrd and HR-MS spectrometry; Smykon Biotech PVT LTD, Nagercoil for conducting the antimicrobial studies. iCEIB, Botany Department; University of Kerala, for DNA binding absorption & Fluorescence spectra. Dr. Rekha. M. R, Biomedical Technology Wing SCTIMST; Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India for Size and Zeta potential of the DNA/complexes. Athmic Biotech Solutions Pvt Ltd, Kalliyoor, for DNA cleavage studies.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.