A classification system of social problems: Concepts and influence on gps’ registration of problems

Summary

Objectives: (1) To test lists of problems in the three axes of well‐being (physical, mental, and social) with the GPs’ collaboration (2) To place the resulting classification in the context of other ones aiming at collecting data about psycho‐social aspects of life (assessment, index and classification systems). (3) To test if GPs would be induced to record psychological and social problems more often in their everyday practice, after having been trained to look more closely at them, inter allia with the use of classification and codes.

Method: The lists of problems have been initiated by the WHO Department of Mental Health and discussed at an international symposium; they were then tested on the field, first at an international level, then in Belgium. After discussion by 4 Belgian GPs’ Teaching Units, they were then improved.

In all surveys concerned, general practitioners were asked to collaborate in three ways: opening their usual medical records and collaborating to prospective phases, including one “test phase,” i.e., a training session, recording problems with the use of coding lists, and looking for the proper code. Retrospective and prospective approaches were used both before and after this test phase.

Results: (1) The original lists of problems have been improved on the basis of the findings in medical files and in the survey. (2) A conceptual framework is presented for recording social problems, either in everyday practice (i.e., in health records) or in research settings, e.g., for social surveys. It is biaxial: domains and types of problem. (3) Training GPs for using such a coding system drastically increases the number of psycho‐social problems, but only during the prospective phases. In the long run older habits prevail again; only the overall number of contacts mentioning a reason increases, together with the number of “other” reasons for encounter (requests, …).

Contents: (1) Main concepts (section 1). (2) Various tools for measuring psychosocial problems and well‐being (section 2). (3) New conceptual framework for a classification of psychosocial problems (§ 2.2.3). (4) Using the lists: influence on MDs’ recording propensity (section 3).

Keywords:

• Social problems
• psychosocial problems
• social diagnosis
• well‐being
• quality of life
• social record
• social file
• classification
• coding