THE ROLE OF COLLOIDAL SILICON DIOXIDE IN THE ENHANCEMENT OF THE DRYING OF HERBAL PREPARATIONS IN SUSPENDED STATE

Abstract

Recently, some research groups have been developing studies aiming to apply spouted beds of inert particles for production of dried herbal extracts. However, mainly due to their complex composition, several problems arise during the spouted bed drying of herbal extracts such as bed instability, product accumulation, particle agglomeration, and bed collapse. The addition of drying carriers, like colloidal silicon dioxide, to the extractive solution can minimize these unwanted effects. The aim of this work was to study the influence of the addition of colloidal silicon dioxide on enhancement of the performance of the drying of hydroalcoholic extract of Bauhinia forficata Link on a spouted bed of inert particles. The physical properties of the herbal extract and of its mixture with colloidal silicon dioxide at several concentrations (20% to 80% related to solids content) were quantified by determination of the surface tension, rheological properties, density, pH, and contact angles with the inert surfaces. Drying performance was evaluated through determination of the elutriation ratio, product recovery ratio, and product accumulation. The product was characterized through determination of the thermal degradation of bioactive compounds and product moisture content. The results indicated that the rheological properties of the extracts and their preparations, the contact angle with inert material, and the work of adhesion play important roles in the spouted bed drying of herbal extracts. Higher concentration of the drying carrier significantly improved the spouted bed drying performance.

Keywords:

• Colloidal silicon dioxide
• Drying
• Herbal extract
• Spouted bed
• Stickiness

Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge The State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) and The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for financial support.

Notes

^a High molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight carbohydrate (LMW). Results related on solid contents (dry base).

^a Extract and drying carrier concentrated together.

^a Extract and drying carrier concentrated together.