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Abstract
In this article, an artificial neural network model (ANN) was developed for the flow regime recognition in the spouted bed dryer. Instabilities and changes were observed in the hydrodynamics of the bed during the drying of guava pieces with deformability and variation in physical properties. Changes in the Archimedes number and Littman parameter directly affected the hydrodynamics of the bed. Experimental data on the variation of the properties of the dried guava pieces were used to obtain the fluid dynamics parameters this was also used as an input data in the ANN model whereas the operating regime of the spouted bed dryer, fixed-,fluidized-,spouted-, and slugging beds were the output model variables. The architecture of the neural network model was selected using the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). The optimized neural model achieved a recognition accuracy of 86% for the fixed and fluidized beds and 99% for the spouted and slugging beds.
Acknowledgement
The authors acknowledge the support of CAPES and FAPITEC/SE.
Nomenclature
| µ | = | air drying viscosity (kg.m−1.s−1) |
| A | = | Littman parameter (–) |
| Ar | = | Archimedes number (–) |
| c1 | = | personal acceleration coefficient |
| c2 | = | global acceleration coefficient |
| do | = | fluid inlet nozzle diameter (m) |
| dp | = | particles diameter (m) |
| g | = | gravity acceleration (m.s−2) |
| Hi | = | initial bed height (m) |
| r1 | = | acceleration coefficient (variable that assume random values in the range (0–1)) |
| r2 | = | acceleration coefficient (variable that assume random values in the range (0–1)) |
| uair | = | air drying velocity (m.s−1) |
| umf | = | superficial velocity at minimum fluidization (m.s−1) |
| ut | = | terminal velocity of the particle (m.s−1) |
| vi | = | particle velocity; |
| w | = | inertial weight; |
| Xdb | = | moisture content (dry base) |
| xi | = | position of the particle; |
| yi | = | best position of the particle; |
| ρair | = | air drying density (kg.m−3) |
| ρp | = | particle density (kg.m−3) |