Ferroelectric properties of achiral banana-shaped and calamitic-chiral thioesters

Abstract

Two thioester compounds: (S)-(+)-4-(1-methylheptyloxy)biphenyl 4′-heptylthiobenzoate (in short: MHOBS7) having rode-like, calamitic-chiral molecules, and 1,3-phenylene bis{4-[(4-octyloxybenzoyl)-sulfanyl]benzoate} (in short: 8OSOR) built of banana like achiral molecules, have been studied by complementary methods to show differences in their linear dielectric as well as ferroelectric properties. To this end the following experimental methods were used: differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing microscopy, dielectric spectroscopy and reversal current method. The first compound shows a ferroelectric SmC* phase with temperature dependent Goldstone mode displaying negative activation energy. At the N*--SmC* transition spontaneous polarization changes discontinuously showing first order character of this transition. For 8OSOR compound with bent core molecules only B₁ phase shows up, which does not switch. However, it was possible to record reversal current spectra but temperature dependence of spontaneous polarization was unusual suggesting antiferroelectric order of this phase.

Keywords:

• Calamitic chiral thioester
• Bent-core thioester
• B1 phase
• Phase transitions
• Spontaneous polarization
• Dielectric relaxation
• Activation energy
• Goldstone mode
• Molecular modes

Acknowledgments

Three of us (S.W., A.M. and M.M.) would like to thank the State Committee for Scientific Research (KBN) for financial support in scope of the grant No. 1 P03B 056 28.