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Abstract
The potential of agriculture, forestry, and other land uses to sequester carbon offers a powerful tool for controlling the global climate regime, but practices capable of creating ‘collateral’ benefits for landscape conservation have thus far been disregarded. This paper calls for greater integration of scattered trees into agricultural landscapes, hypothesizing that agroforestry practices effectively store carbon and deliver other important ecosystem services as well. Several agroforests from the Upper Lusatia area in eastern Germany have been selected for analysis. They cover relatively large areas of land (8.2%), even within this intensively used agricultural landscape, and their extent increased from 1964–2008 by 19.4%. Practices of conserving or promoting six agroforest classes are compared with a catalogue of essential properties for becoming effective ‘carbon offset projects’. Criteria from mandatory and voluntary carbon markets for carbon sequestration are then applied (additionality, baselines, permanence, and carbon leakage). The study concludes that steps towards realization of ‘carbon sequestration projects’ should include collecting empirical evidence regarding the carbon sequestration potential of temperate agroforestry systems, developing localized demonstration projects, and upscaling these projects to participate in established carbon markets.
Acknowledgements
This work has been financed by the German Ministry of Education and Research (FKZ 01UU0904A). Digital ortophotographs (ATKIS-DCP) used are copyrighted by Staatsbetrieb Geobasisinformation und Vermessung Sachsen, 2010. Tomas Germundsson, Christian Schleyer and three reviewers provided many helpful comments. Chris Hank immensely improved the language of the text.