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Abstract
The three most widely read figures in the establishment of historical landscape studies, people from very different backgrounds and of different temperaments, independently developed intense dislikes of modern industrial society and its manifestations in the landscape. These dislikes concerned the transformation, rooted in industrialization, of the relationship between humans and their environment. The nature of these attitudes towards the modern is explored, and it is suggested that the carefully cultivated awarenesses of the long, intimate and intricate relationship between communities and their landscapes must have intensified the distaste and despair experienced by our subjects as technology and industry combined to destroy settings which were the products of centuries or millennia of evolution.