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Articles

Social Media and Global Development Rituals: a content analysis of blogs and tweets on the 2010 mdg Summit

Pages 405-422 | Published online: 24 May 2013
 

Abstract

Social media content generated by web logs (‘blogs’) and Twitter messages (‘tweets’) constitute new types of data that can help us better understand the reproduction of global rituals in the context of international development policies and practice. Investigating the United Nations High-level Plenary Meeting of the General Assembly on the Millennium Development Goals (mdgs), a three-day event held at UN Headquarters in New York in 2010, as a case study, we examine a sample of 108 blog entries discussing the meeting, as well as 3007 related tweets. We find that topics receiving the densest coverage mirrored existing priorities as defined by the mdgs. Although most blog entries created content which, in contrast to tweets, went beyond spreading mere factual or referential information on the event and even included some critical commentary, sustained debates did not emerge. Our findings suggest that social media content accompanying the Summit reproduced global development rituals and thus failed to catalyse alternative priorities for and approaches to international development.

Notes

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3 D Shiffman, ‘Twitter as a tool for conservation education and outreach: what scientific conferences can do to promote live-tweeting’, Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 2(3), 2012, pp 257-262.

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7 Ibid, p 169.

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23 Bøås & McNeill, Global Institutions and Development; and D Mosse, Cultivating Development: An Ethnography of Aid Policy and Practice, London: Pluto Press, 2005.

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27 See also M Schechter, United Nations-sponsored World Conferences: Focus on Impact and Follow-up, Tokyo: unu Press, 2001.

28 United Nations, United Nations Global Conferences: What have they Accomplished?, New York: UN Department of Public Information, 1998.

29 P Little, ‘Ritual, power and ethnography at the Rio Earth Summit’, Critique of Anthropology, 15(3), 1995, pp 265–288.

30 Ibid.

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32 E Rothenbuhler, Ritual Communication: From Everyday Conversation to Mediated Ceremony, London: Sage, 1998, p 27.

33 R Bauman, ‘Performance’, in E Barnouw (ed), International Encyclopedia of Communications, Vol 3, New York: Oxford University Press, 1989, pp 262–266.

34 Lechner & Boli, ‘Constructing world culture’, p 102.

35 J Vandemoortele, ‘Can the mdgs foster a new partnership for pro-poor policies?’, in J Brinkerhoff, S Smith & H Teegen (eds), ngo s and the Millennium Development Goals: Citizen Action to Reduce Poverty, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, pp 23–48.

36 D Hulme & S Fukuda-Parr, International Norm Dynamics and ‘the End of Poverty’: Understanding the Millennium Development Goals ( mdgs ), bwpi Working Paper 96, Manchester: Brooks World Poverty Institute, 2009.

37 Ibid, p 16.

38 Little, ‘Ritual, power, and ethnography at the Rio Earth Summit’, p 286.

39 ‘Top 100 twitaholics based on number of followers’, at http://twitaholic.com/, 2011, accessed 21 June 2012.

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46 DE Esser, ‘More money, less cure: why global health assistance needs restructuring’, Ethics & International Affairs, 23(3), 2009, pp 225–234.

47 JD Sachs, ‘China’s performance at the UN summit is extraordinary’, Beyondbricks (blog), 22 September 2010, at http://blogs.ft.com/beyond-brics/2010/09/22/jeffrey-sachs-extraordinary-china/#axzz1Re6UbSGe, accessed 21 June 2012.

48 D Green, ‘Is the blogging bubble about to burst?’, From Poverty to Power (blog), 15 June 2011, at http://www.oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/?p=5790, accessed 21 June 2012.

49 Cf Weller et al, ‘Citation analysis in Twitter’.

50 Reinhardt et al, ‘How people are using Twitter during conferences’.

51 M Ebner & W Reinhardt, ‘Social networking in scientific conferences’.

52 E Rothenbuhler, Ritual Communication.

53 K Grepin, ‘One more reason why living in New York City is amazing’, Karen Grepin’s Global Health Blog, 18 September 2010, at http://karengrepin.com/2010/09/one-more-reason-why-living-in-new-york.html, accessed 21 June 2012.

54 A recent UN Foundation report notes that 89% of Americans surveyed were not familiar with the mdgs; however, when provided with a brief explanation of each, 87% of those surveyed said they believe the USA should be very or somewhat involved in trying to achieve the mdgs. These figures are, in part, a reflection of the level to which those surveyed could recall hearing about international events and associating humanitarian involvement with the UN, according to the researchers. The survey by WorldPublicOpinion.org showed a smaller but significant number of Americans (75%) is willing to pay the estimated individual cost of fully funding the goals. United Nations Foundation, ‘United Nations approval rating rises to 60% in new opinion poll’, 2010, at http://www.unfoundation.org/news-and-media/press-releases/2010/united-nations-approval-rating-rises-to-60-percent.html, accessed 21 June 2012; and World Public Opinion.org, ‘Publics in developed countries ready to contribute funds necessary to cut hunger in half by 2015’, 2008, at http://www.worldpublicopinion.org/pipa/articles/btdevelopmentaidra/554.php?lb=btda&pnt=554&nid=&id, accessed 22 June 2012.

55 E Rothenbuhler, Ritual Communication, p 15.

56 J George, Discourses of Global Politics: A Critical (Re)Introduction to International Relations, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1994; and T Teivainen, ‘The political and its absence in the World Social Forum: implications for democracy’, Development Dialogue, 49(1), 2007, pp 69–79.

57 F Debrix, ‘Language, nonfoundationalism, international relations’, in Debrix (ed), Language, Agency, and Politics in a Constructed World, London: M. E. Sharpe, 2003, pp 3–25.

58 A Lang, ‘Conflicting narratives, conflicting moralities: the United Nations and the failure of humanitarian intervention’, in F Debrix (ed), Language, Agency, and Politics in a Constructed World, London: ME Sharpe, 2003, pp 171–195.

59 C Bell, Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992, p 206.

60 D Hulme & S Fukuda-Parr, International Norm Dynamics and ‘the End of Poverty’, p 30.

61 E Rothenbuhler, Ritual Communication, p 45.

62 See for example, H Thörn, ‘Global civil society and de-/democratization’.

63 R Dahl, Democracy and its Critics, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989; and D Held, Democracy and the Global Order: From the Modern State to Cosmopolitan Governance, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995.

64 D Mosse, ‘Introduction’, p 22.

65 Ibid.

66 S Schimmelpfennig, ‘Tracking the World Vision/nfl shirt donation controversy: Good Intentions are not enough’ (blog), 12 February 2011, at http://goodintents.org/aid-debates/world-vision-nfl-controversy, accessed 24 June 2012.

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