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Abstract
After discussing the various points of departure suggested by scholars of development, this paper argues that, in the context of India, one way out of the post-development impasse lies in shifting the focus from development politics to the workings of the developmental state on the ground, and to change the methodological vantage point to ethnography. It is suggested that this change in approach would provide fresh insights into the workings of the developmental state and into the process of development in India.
Notes
1. Leys, The Rise and Fall.
2. Edelman and Haugerud, “Introduction”; and Leys, The Rise and Fall.
3. Peet and Hartwick, Theories of Development.
4. Manzo, “Modernist Discourse.”
5. Skocpol et al., Bringing the State back In.
6. Kay, “For a Renewal.”
7. Schuurman, “Paradigms Lost, Paradigms Regained.”
8. Corbridge, “Beneath the Pavement.”
9. Schuurman, “Paradigms Lost, Paradigms Regained.”
10. Lange and Rueschemeyer, “States and Development.”
11. Willis, Theories and Practices.
12. Saha and Mallavarapu, “State Weakness.”
13. Cowen and Shenton, Doctrines of Development.
14. Pedersen, Globalization, Development and the State.
15. Scott, Seeing like a State.
16. Ferguson, The Anti-politics Machine.
17. Edigheji, “Constructing a Democratic Developmental State.”
18. Evans, Embedded Autonomy.
19. Block, “Swimming against the Current.”
20. Radice, “The Developmental State.”
21. Jessop, “Liberalism, Neo-liberalism and Urban Governance.”
22. Chibber, “Reviving the Developmental State?”
23. Kim, “Neoliberalism.”
24. Lange, and Rueschemeyer, “States and Development.”
25. Lange, “States and Economic Development.”.
26. Roy Chowdhury, “Neo-statism in Third World Studies.”
27. Edelman and Haugerud, “Introduction.”
28. Chandhoke, “Governance and the Pluralisation of the State.”
29. Schuurman, “Paradigms Lost, Paradigms Regained.”
30. Cooper and Packard, “The History and Politics.”
31. Ferguson, The Anti-politics Machine; and Escobar, Encountering Development.
32. Ferguson, The Anti-politics Machine.
33. Escobar, Encountering Development.
34. Agrawal, “Poststructuralist Approaches to Development.”
35. Ibid; and Brigg, “Post-development.”
36. Corbridge, “Beneath the Pavement.”
37. Lehmann, “An Opportunity Lost.”
38. Agrawal, “Poststructuralist Approaches to Development.”
39. Nustad, “Development.”
40. Graaff, “The Seductions of Determinism.”
41. Pieterse, “My Paradigm or Yours?”
42. Kapoor, “Capitalism, Culture, Agency”; and Sylvester, “Development Studies.”
43. Nustad, “Development.”
44. Li, “Compromising Power.”
45. Mosse, Cultivating Development.
46. Li, “Compromising Power.”
47. Gupta, Post-colonial Developments.
48. Dhareshwar, “Politics, Experience and Cognitive Enslavement.”
49. Roy, Beyond Belief.
50. Ferguson, “The Uses of Neoliberalism”; and Hart, “D/developments after the Meltdown.”
51. Hart, “D/developments after the Meltdown.”
52. Fuller, and Harriss, “For an Anthropology.”
53. Gailey, “The State of the State.”
54. Fuller and Harriss, “For an Anthropology.”
55. Menon, “The Nation-state.”
56. Chatterjee, Nationalist Thought; Chatterjee, The Nation and its Fragments; and Kaviraj, “A Critique.”
57. Routray, “Engaging the ‘Long 1980s’.”
58. Chatterjee, Politics of the Governed.
59. Kaviraj, The Imaginary Institution.
60. Fuller and Harriss, “For an Anthropology.”
61. Brigg, “Post-development.”
62. Jeffery and Jeffery, “Saffron Demography.”
63. Gooptu, “Neoliberal Subjectivity.”
64. Agrawal, “Environmentality.”
65. Sharma, “Crossbreeding Institutions.”
66. Roy, “Civic Governmentality.”
67. Hansen and Stepputat, “Introduction.”
68. Routray, “Local Appropriations.”
69. Hansen, and Stepputat, “Introduction.”
70. de Certeau, The Practice.
71. Chhotray, The Anti-politics Machine in India.
72. Routray and Shantha Mohan, “Securing Livelihoods.”
73. Chhotray, The Anti-politics Machine in India.
74. Ibid.
75. Ibid.
76. Routray, “Local Appropriations”; and Daftary, “Elected Elders.”
77. Sharma, “Crossbreeding Institutions.”
78. Sharma, Logics of Empowerment.
79. Routray, “Engaging the ‘Long 1980s’.”