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Abstract
The G7 ‘New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition’ follows an established approach of ‘connecting smallholder farmers to markets’, while extending the role and influence of corporate agri-business in new ways. This paper explores the implications of the ‘New Alliance’ model’s incorporation into the Sustainable Development Goals framework for smallholder producers already facing greater uncertainty in financialised agri-food chains, and in light of a consensus around the primacy of private finance in the post-2015 era. The question for alternative food and development movements is how to confront the ‘value chain challenge’ in an increasingly financialised global agri-food system.
Notes
1. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/, accessed April 21, 2015.
2. http://www.sustainabledevelopment2015.org, accessed April 21, 2015.
3. http://www.un.org/esa/ffd/overview/third-conference-ffd.html, accessed April 21, 2015.
4. Hall, “Why Public–Private Partnerships don’t Work”; and Romero, What lies Beneath?
5. World Bank Group, Financing for Development Post 2015.
6. Jubilee Debt Campaign, ‘Don’t turn the Clock Back’.
7. http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/artikel.php?ID=351723, accessed April 21, 2015.
8. World Bank Group, Financing for Development Post 2015.
9. Bretton Woods Project, Follow the Money.
10. USAID, “The New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition.”
11. Thier, Our Ambitious Goals.
12. Salih, Inducing Food Insecurity (emphasis added).
13. Clapp, “Financialization, Distance and Global Food Politics.”
14. McMichael, “The Land Question.”
15. McKeon, “The New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition,” 2.
16. Ibid., 4.
17. FAO, The State of Food Insecurity in the World.
18. Patel et al., “Cook, Eat, Man, Woman,” 22.
19. McKeon, “The New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition,” 4.
20. Byerlee and Janvry, Agriculture for Development.
21. Cited in Alonso-Fradejas et al., “Food Sovereignty,” 439.
22. McMichael, “Banking on Agriculture,” 241.
23. Patel, “The Long Green Revolution.”
24. Scoones, “Governing Technology Development.”
25. Sexsmith and McMichael, “Formulating the SDGs.”
26. McKeon, “The New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition,” 4.
27. McKeon, “The New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition,” 7.
28. Patel et al., “Cook, Eat, Man, Woman,” 23.
29. McKeon, “The New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition.”
30. Patel et al., “Cook, Eat, Man, Woman,” 32.
31. Sexsmith and McMichael, “Formulating the SDGs.”
32. Ibid., 587.
33. Ibid.
34. Green, “After the MDGs.”
35. Morvaridi, “Capitalist Philanthropy.”
36. Green, “After the MDGs,” 635.
37. UNCSD, “The Future we Want.”
38. Gabay, “Special Forum,” 578.
39. Hickey and Mohan, “Relocating Participation.”
40. Ferguson, “The Uses of Neoliberalism.”
41. Harvey, A Brief History of Neoliberalism.
42. Williamson, “The Washington Consensus.”
43. World Bank, “Adjustment from Within.”
44. Sexsmith and McMichael, “Formulating the SDGs,” 587.
45. Ibid.; and Gabay, “Special Forum.”
46. Epstein, “Introduction,” 3.
47. Clapp, “Financialization, Distance and Global Food Politics,” 3.
48. Epstein, “Introduction.”
49. Fine, “Neo-liberalism in Retrospect?”
50. Ghosh, “The Unnatural Coupling,” 72.
51. Ghosh, “The Unnatural Coupling,” 74
52. Ghosh, “The Unnatural Coupling,” 83
53. Fine, “Neo-liberalism in Retrospect?”
54. Fine, “Financialisation and Social Policy,” 5.
55. Fine, “Neo-liberalism in Retrospect?”
56. World Bank Group, Financing for Development Post 2015.
57. McKeon, “The New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition.”
58. World Bank Group, Financing for Development Post 2015, 32.
59. Bretton Woods Project, Follow the Money.
60. Isakson, “Food and Finance,” 2.
61. Isakson, “Food and Finance,” 5.
62. Ibid.
63. Fine, “The State and Developmentalism.”
64. Ibid (emphasis added).
65. Ghosh, “The Unnatural Coupling”; and Spratt, Food Price Volatility.
66. Crotty, “Structural Causes of the Global Financial Crisis,” 564.
67. Ibid.
68. Isakson, “Food and Finance.”
69. Ibid.
70. Ibid.
71. Ibid., 17.
72. Ibid.
73. Fairbairn, “‘Like Gold with Yield’.”
74. De Schutter, “How not to think of Land-grabbing.”
75. Fairbairn, “‘Like Gold with Yield’.”
76. Ibid., 2.
77. See above. See also, for example, Ghosh, “The Unnatural Coupling.”
78. Fairbairn, “‘Like Gold with Yield’,” 17.
79. Edelman et al., “Global Land Grabs”; Margulis et al., “Land Grabbing and Global Governance”; and De Schutter, “How not to think of Land-grabbing.”
80. Isakson, “Food and Finance,” 22.
81. Breger-Bush, Derivatives and Development.
82. Clapp, “Financialization, Distance and Global Food Politics.”
83. Ibid., 2 (emphasis added).
84. Isakson, “Food and Finance,” 26. See also Breger-Bush, Derivatives and Development.
85. Chinsinga, “Seeds and Subsidies”; McKeon, “The New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition”; and McMichael, “The Land Question.”
86. McMichael, “The Land Question.”
87. Clapp, “Financialization, Distance and Global Food Politics.”
88. Alonso-Fradejas et al., “Food Sovereignty.”
89. McMichael, “The Land Question,” 434.
90. McMichael, “The Land Question,” 438.