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ABSTRACT
Stabilized hyaluronic acid (HA), produced through diverse cross-linking technology and formulated as an injectable gel, has found widespread utilization in aesthetic industry. Cross-linked HA essentially constitutes a gel particle composition formed by numerous viscoelastic particulates. Various product formulations yield HA gels with distinct properties, including particle size, viscoelasticity, and interaction forces between particles. While previous studies have primarily concentrated on the biological safety and macroscopic expression of fillers, limited research exists on the internal mechanisms governing their macro-performance. This study selected three common dermal fillers for analysis, establishing an animal model to assess their in vivo interaction with surrounding tissues and explore their internal mechanisms. The findings revealed that particle size plays a crucial role in tissue integration.
Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge the reviewers for their helpful comments on this paper.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Data availability statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Ethical approval
All in vivo study protocols received approval from the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Yi Shengyuan Gene Technology (Approval No. YSY-DWLL-2022102). No adverse events were observed.