Application of Principal Component Analysis to the Adsorption of Natural Organic Matter by Modified Activated Carbons

Abstract

Adsorption of natural organic matter by physically and chemiclally modified activated carbons was studied in this work. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to datasets gathering morphological, physical, chemical properties, and adsorption capacity information of the modified activated carbon samples. The PCA was used to identify the main effects by clustering the samples according to the modifications undergone. Results indicate that total and/or fractional pore volume, and the iron and oxygen content were sensitive enough to detect good adsorption potential even for “a priori” nonoptimal overall properties. Unexpectedly, low values of pHpzc not always correlated with poor adsorption performance. The sum of N and O content may also be a good indicator to select a carbon with good adsorption performance. Based on PCA results, a prediction equation was developed to estimate values for the equilibrium uptake capacity and was tested against five additional carbon samples.

Keywords:

• activated carbon
• adsorption
• natural organic matter
• principal component analysis

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors wish to thank Universidad del País Vasco, the Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte (grant AP 99 30687378), the Departamento de Industria, Comercio y Turismo (project OD03UN57) and the water engineering firms Pridesa and Cetolar for their technical and economical support.

Notes

n/a not analyzed; n/d not detected.

n/a not analyzed; n/d not detected.