Extraction of peanut skin oil by modified supercritical carbon dioxide: Empirical modelling and optimization

ABSTRACT

Peanut skin is a waste by-product from peanut industries. It is rich in antioxidants and bioactive compounds. Therefore, the objective of this study was to empirically model and optimize supercritical CO₂ extraction of oil from peanut skin. The extraction conditions were pressure (100, 200 and 300 bar), temperature (313, 328 and 343 K) and rate of modifier ethanol (0.075, 0.15 and 0.225 mL/min). The extraction process was subsequently examined using modified Brunner and Esquivel models. The optimum conditions for extraction peanut skin oil were 279 bar, 70°C and rate of modifier of 7.5% with a maximum yield of peanut skin oil of 0.83 g and initial slope of 0.568 g/min.

KEYWORDS:

• Peanut skin
• supercritical CO₂
• empirical modelling
• optimization

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Centre of Lipid Engineering and Applied Research (CLEAR) for the use of equipment.

Additional information

Funding

The financial support from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia for professional development research university grant [QJ130000.2509.14H23] is gratefully acknowledged.