Ultrasonic-assisted solid-phase extraction of sotalol in human urine samples using molecularly imprinted nanoparticles: Experimental design and adsorption study

ABSTRACT

Ultrasonic-assisted solid-phase extraction via molecularly imprinted nanoparticles followed by HPLC-UV was used for trace determination of sotalol. Under optimized conditions, linear range, limit of detection, and limit of quantification of the proposed method were found to be 20–2000, 7.8, and 24 ng/mL, respectively. The adsorption capacity of sotalol for molecularly imprinted nanoparticles and non-imprinted nanoparticles was determined from the derived Langmuir isotherm and was found to be 31.55 and 15.22 mg/g, respectively. The proposed method was used for the separation of trace amounts of sotalol in human urine samples with acceptable high recoveries more than 94.40% and the inter-day precision with the coefficient of variation lower than 5%.

KEYWORDS:

• Central composite design
• adsorption study
• molecularly imprinted nanoparticles
• sotalol
• ultrasonic-assisted solid-phase extraction

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Acknowledgments

The authors express their appreciation to Mr. Majid Karimi for his kindly help.

Declaration of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests.