ABSTRACT
This study succinctly investigated the impacts of energy-based functions on the total phenolic and physicochemical characteristics of Euphorbia hirta. The results of the orthogonal experimental array gave an optimum microwave condition at 2 min of irradiation time, 400 W of microwave power, 12 mL/g of solvent loading, 40°C of the temperature level, and 50% of ethanol concentration. The results from the thermal stability curves revealed initial 89.96% weight retention (< 100°C) from moisture loss and the potential formation of sixty-six phenolic constituents from the disorientated microstructure (<170°C). The above results established the satisfactory performance of the microwave-reflux extraction method.
Acknowledgements
The author acknowledges the Universiti Sains Malaysia for their financial support for this research work under the Analytical Biochemistry Research Center, Gelugor, Malaysia.
Declaration of interest
The authors declare there is no conflict of interest whatsoever.