A review on processing methods for agricultural waste derived adsorbents for Pb(II) ions sequestration from wastewater

ABSTRACT

This review compiles a comparative study of agricultural byproducts efficacy for wastewater purification using functionalized adsorbents for Pb(II) ions. We have compiled enormous data based on selective affinity toward Pb(II) ions. The experimental factors like pH, amount of adsorbent, time of contact, temperature, and initial concentration of ions affecting the adsorption of Pb(II) ions have also been explored. Besides, the various other adsorption kinetics and models of adsorption isotherms are discussed. Future directions of research and development of adsorptive Pb(II) ions removal from industrial wastewater are proposed.

KEYWORDS:

• Agricultural adsorbents
• adsorption capacity
• chemical modification
• adsorption
• Pb(II)
• wastewater

Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to Technical Education Quality Improvement Program-III, MHRD, New Delhi for providing fellowship and Dr. Sudhir Kumar Gupta, Assistant Professor (NPIU), Department of Chemistry, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur for providing valuable inputs in the preparation of manuscript.

Statement of novelty

This review article is explaining the advanced variety of agro-waste adsorbents to a sustainable water management system. Agricultural waste adsorbents as by-products have efficient stability, and novelty, and other more characteristics properties such as low cost, reusable, and also seems to be feasible for substantial metal particles remediation. Moreover, due to the reusability of the agro waste adsorbents, the proposed environmental technology is also economically, more acceptable and contributes to zero waste concepts.

Therefore, cheap, eco-friendly, and readily available economical adsorbents are vastly suggested to be selected for wastewater treatment. This review article must be very effective to propose optimum operational conditions, limitations, and understanding the characteristics properties of adsorbents towards the adsorbate for future studies. Notably, there is a necessity to develop more versatile adsorbents, which can be used for the minimization of environmental effects because of several pollutants.

Correction Statement

This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.