Efficiency and mechanism of vanadium extraction from vanadium-bearing metallurgical waste slag by using self-heating acid curing and normal temperature water leaching

ABSTRACT

The self-heating acid-curing and normal temperature water leaching process was used to extract vanadium from vanadium-containing metallurgical waste, and the optimal process parameters and mechanism of vanadium extraction were analyzed. The research results showed that when the dosage of concentrated sulfuric acid was 70% of the raw material, the aging time was 3 h, the particle size of the raw material was −0.6 mm, the leaching liquid-solid ratio was 4:1, and the leaching time was 1.5 h, the leaching rate of vanadium in the raw material was as high as 99.1%, the grade of V₂O₅ in the leaching residue was only 0.09%. The results of vanadium leaching kinetics showed that the leaching process was conformed to the unreacted shrinking core model, and was controlled by solid film diffusion, the reaction activation energy was 16.9 kJ/mol. The advantage of this process was that the reaction was carried out at room temperature. The leaching solution was enriched and purified to prepare high-purity V₂O₅ products, and the washing solution was used to leach the slag after being cured by concentrated sulfuric acid, so as to realize the recycling of resources.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS:

• Metallurgical waste residue
• vanadium
• concentrated sulfuric acid curing
• water leaching
• leaching kinetics

Article highlights

The self-heating acid curing and normal temperature water leaching process was innovatively used for the resource recovery of vanadium-containing metallurgical waste residues. By this method, V and Zn were fully leached, while Pb will be separated and present in the residue.

With this method, vanadium in metallurgical waste residue can be recovered, and the recovery rate of vanadium can reach over 99%. The method will be studied to realize the secondary recovery of vanadium resources from solid waste residues by using a low-energy-consumption way.

Acknowledgements

We thank the following funding agencies for supporting this work: Foundation of research on characteristic properties of typical radioactive solid waste and radiation protection regulation technology and operation management mechanism(2019YFC1907701).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Authors’ contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Xuanzhang Hao, Zhiwu Lei, Haotong Guo, Fang Hu, Hongqiang Wang, Eming Hu, Qingliang Wang, Shiyao Fan, Xu Zhao, Xinwei Liu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Xuanzhang Hao and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Availability of date and material

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].

Statement of novelty

The self-heating acid curing and normal temperature water leaching process was innovatively used for the resource recovery of vanadium-containing metallurgical waste residues. By this method, V and Zn were fully leached, while Pb will be separated and present in the residue.

With this method, vanadium in metallurgical waste residue can be recovered, and the recovery rate of vanadium can reach over 99%. The method will be studied to realize the secondary recovery of vanadium resources from solid waste residues by using a low-energy-consumption way.

Additional information

Funding

Research on characteristic properties of typical radioactive solid waste and radiation protection regulation technology and operation management mechanism(2019YFC1907701).