Peripheral Blood Markers Predictive of Progression-Free Survival in Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated With PD-1 Inhibitors Plus Chemotherapy as First-Line Therapy

Abstract

Aim: To determine the prognostic value of peripheral blood markers in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients receiving programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 54 patients with advanced ESCC was performed to assess 12 blood markers involving inflammation, nutrition, and tumor burden. Analysis of variance or Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to explore the difference in markers among different response to therapy. Survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Multivariate Cox models were applied to identify independent predictors of outcome. Results: Patients who achieved response had significantly higher prealbumin, increased BMI, and lower hs-CRP levels at baseline compared with those who experienced disease progression. In the univariate analysis, ALI > 23.55, PNI > 45.175, NLR ≤ 5, and hs-CRP ≤ 6.7 mg/L were significantly associated with a better progression-free survival. Cox regression analysis revealed that ALI >23.55 (P = 0.037) and hs-CRP ≤6.7 mg/L (P = 0.043) were independently associated with superior PFS. Increased tumor abnormal protein (TAP) levels post two cycles was significantly associated with a worse prognosis (P = 0.004). Conclusions: A baseline signature of low ALI and high hs-CRP as well as an early increase in TAP in ESCC appear to be predictive of inferior PFS.

Author Contributions

Min Tao and Mengyao Wu initiated and designed the study. Yan Wu and Mengdan Xu were involved in acquisition of data. Xuyu Bian analyzed data. Wei Chen was involved in analyzing data, drafting and revising the manuscript. Dapeng Li drafted and revised the manuscript.

Disclosure Statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Data Availability Statement

Data supporting the findings of this study could obtain from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81772645), the Science and Technology Plan Project of Suzhou (SLT201913), Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation(Y-XD2019-227), the Research Grant of BeiGene (COMM-86), Horizontal Research Foundation of Soochow University (P142900221) and the Medical and Health Technology Innovation Application Project of Suzhou (SKJY2021069).