The potential of Acmella oleracea (Jambu) extract in the control of semi-engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) female ticks

ABSTRACT

The present study evaluated the efficacy of Acmella oleracea extract, and the susceptibility of semi-engorged R. sanguineus females exposed to different concentrations of the extract, with lethal concentration 50 % (LC₅₀) and confidence interval 95%. The ticks were mounted on Petri dishes and immersed in the different concentrations of the extract, distilled water or ethanol 50% + DMSO 1% for 5 minutes, dried and kept in BOD incubator for 7 days. The results showed the daily mortality rate among semi-engorged R. sanguineus females at different concentrations of the extract. The mortality data obtained in bioassay 2 were subjected to Probit analysis, through which a LC₅₀ of 24,883 mg/ml (limits: 22,331 to 28,003 mg/ml) was determined, at a 95% confidence interval. Thus, this study demonstrated the sensitivity and susceptibility of semi-engorged R. sanguineus females to Acmella oleracea extract. The acaricidal potential was effective as from the application of the extract at the concentration of 12.5 mg/ml and was dose-dependent. i.e., higher mortality rates were observed as the concentration increased, with LC₅₀ of 24,883 mg/ml reaching 100% at the concentration of 100 mg/ml in 24h.

KEYWORDS:

• Extract
• Rhipicephalus sanguineus
• tick
• natural compound
• potential

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

We would like to thank to CAPES for financial support and CNPQ academic career research fellowship to G.H. Bechara and M.I. Camargo-Mathias.