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Research Article

Fruits of Cyrtocarpa procera Kunth (Anacardiaceae) as resource for medium to large-sized terrestrial mammals species in a tropical dry forest

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Pages 132-140 | Received 09 Jul 2021, Accepted 14 Apr 2022, Published online: 08 Jul 2022
 

ABSTRACT

The fruits of some Anacardiaceae tree species are important sources of food and water for vertebrate species in seasonal tropical forest. During a monitoring study using camera-traps in a tropical dry forest of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve, Mexico, we documented tree visitation and fruit consumption in the ‘Chupandillo’ Cyrtocarpa procera by medium to large-sized terrestrial mammals species. From 2012 to 2017, we established cameras-traps in front of six adult chupandillo trees during 385–499 days. A total of 4,831 photographs were obtained during a total of 2,706 days. The camera-traps recorded 12 mammals species visiting, passing in front the tree, or consuming its fruits. The white-tailed deer, cotton rabbit, collared peccary and gray fox were the species that presented the highest number of visit events, with the two ungulate species recorded visiting all of the sampled trees. These species, as well as coati, consumed fruits of this tree species from September to October. The white-tailed deer visited during the day, while the collared peccary mainly visited during the twilight-night time period. We propose that fruits of C. procera are an important resource for mammals in this region, in particular for white-tailed deer and collared peccary.

RESUMEN

Los frutos de algunas especies de árboles de Anacardiaceae son fuentes importantes de alimento y agua para las especies de vertebrados en los bosques tropicales estacionales. Durante un estudio de monitoreo con cámaras-trampa en un bosque seco tropical de la Reserva de la Biosfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, México, documentamos la visitación de árboles y el consumo de frutos en el ‘Chupandillo’ Cyrtocarpa procera Kunth (Anacardiaceae) por especies de mamíferos terrestres de tamaño mediano a grande. Durante el 2012 al 2017 instalamos cámaras-trampas frente a seis árboles adultos de chupandillo durante 385 a 499 días; Se obtuvieron un total de 4.831 fotografías durante un total de 2.706 días. Las cámaras-trampa registraron 12 especies de mamíferos visitando, pasando por delante del árbol o consumiendo sus frutos. El venado cola blanca, el conejo algodonero, el pecarí de collar y el zorro gris fueron las especies que presentaron el mayor número de eventos de visita, con las dos especies de ungulados registradas visitando todos los árboles muestreados. Estas especies, al igual que el coatí, consumieron frutos de esta especie arbórea de septiembre a octubre. El venado de cola blanca visitó durante el día, mientras que el pecarí de collar visitó principalmente durante el período de crepúsculo-noche. Proponemos que los frutos de C. procera son un recurso importante para los mamíferos de esta región, en particular para el venado cola blanca y el pecarí de collar.

Acknowledgments

We thank the Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados of INECOL for provided logistical support and research station. We appreciate the help of many people during the study, particularly O. Cruz-Jácome, O. Morteo-Montiel, J. M. Salazar Torres, T. Pérez-Pérez and R. Rodriguez. J. I. Mandujano-Álvarez helped us to target the photographs. We thank the authorities and people of San Gabriel Casa Blanca. K. MacMillan reviewed the English text of the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This study was financially supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) through the projects CB-2009-01-130702 and CB-2015-01-256549.

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