The Hyperemesis Beliefs Scale (HBS): a new instrument for assessing beliefs about severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of this research was to validate the Hyperemesis Beliefs Scale (HBS), a new instrument for assessing patient perception factors of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) that influence reported patient satisfaction with medical care.

Methods. Patients' beliefs and their perception of their physicians' beliefs about the causal explanations of HG, seriousness of the illness, and the impact of the illness upon patients' daily lives were determined using a newly developed hyperemesis beliefs scale (HBS) in a sample of 96 women. Exploratory factor analyses of the patient and physician versions of the HBS were performed separately using principal factor analysis extraction and oblique rotation in SPSS.

Results. Exploratory factor analyses of patient and physician versions of the HBS demonstrated broad support for the hypothesized factor structure. However, two key differences appeared in the two versions of the HBS. First, the patient items exhibited two causal factors (general and personal), whereas the physician items showed only a single causal factor. Second, in the patient version, items assessing the impact of HG on the babies' health loaded separately from the rest of the items in the HBS, whereas the analyses of the corresponding physician items indicated that the baby items loaded well on the degree of seriousness factor.

Conclusion. This scale may be of value in facilitating further research on HG illness representations, patient–physician relationship and patient satisfaction. Specifically, the HBS design provides data to show whether patient–physician agreement on particular measures is associated with better patient satisfaction outcomes.

Keywords:

• Hyperemesis gravidarum
• patient perspective
• patient-physician relationship
• questionnaire
• factor analysis