EFFECT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ON ROOT FERRIC CHELATE REDUCTASE, PROTON EXTRUSION, BIOMASS PRODUCTION AND MINERAL ABSORPTION OF CITRUS ROOT STOCK ORANGE JASMINE (MURRAYA EXOTICA L.)

Abstract

Three-week iron (Fe) deficiency stress experiments were conducted using two citrus root stocks, Fe-deficiency tolerant Orange Jasmine (OJ, Murraya exotica L.) and the sensitive Flying Dragon [FD, Poncirus trifoliata var. monstrosa (T. Ito) Swingle]. Root ferric chelate reductase activity and proton extrusion increased in OJ between 12 and 18 d of stress, whereas there was no change in FD. Dry weight of OJ roots increased in contrast to FD which decreased. The Mn content in OJ remained the same even under Fe stress. Zn content in OJ roots doubled while that of FD increased 4-folds. The shoot/root Fe accumulation ratio increased in OJ while it decreased in FD. OJ apparently has mechanisms for increasing root biomass, controlling Fe reutilization and regulating manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) absorption in response to Fe deficiency. These mechanisms could help maintain homeostasis under heavy metal stress, which would be useful for improved growth of economically important citrus species.

Keywords:

• iron deficiency
• ferric chelate reductase
• metal absorption
• Orange Jasmine
• proton extrusion
• root biomass

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank the Agricultural Technology Center of Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan, for providing the Flying Dragon cultivar seeds and Dr. L. M. Liao, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University for his comments on and revisions to the manuscript.