Effects of foliar selenium application on some physiological and phytochemical parameters of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sultana under salt stress

Abstract

In this research the effect of foliar application of selenium (Se) at four levels (Na₂OSe₄; 0, 5, 10 and 20 mg L⁻¹) was evaluated on some phytochemical characteristics of Sultana grapevine under different salinity levels (NaCl; 0 or 75 mM). The vines were fed twice a week with Hoagland nutrient solution and Se was foliar applied twice with 24 intervals. During growing period, plant height, leaf number and leaf area were recorded. Moreover, at the end of experiment, mature leaves from middle nods of canes were used for measurement of some phytochemical indices. According to results, Se application had a positive effect on plant height, leaf numbers, leaf area and photosynthetic pigments content especially at 5 mg L⁻¹ and to some extent 10 mg L⁻¹ Se levels. Under salinity stress, foliar application of Se at 5 mg L⁻¹ considerably decreased vines leaves electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation values compared to non se-treated plants under salinity stress condition. Selenium had an additive effect on salinity stress (75 mM NaCl) induced accumulation of total phenol, total flavonoid, soluble sugars and proline content in leave of vines. Moreover, the interaction of salinity and Se at 5 and 10 mg L⁻¹ improved leaves antioxidant enzymes activities in Sultana grapevine. Likewise, foliar application of Se improved leaf mineral content in 75 mM NaCl -treated vines. Totally, foliar application of selenium (Se at 5 or 10 mg L⁻¹) increased salt tolerance through improvement in nutritional balance and by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity in grapevine leaves.

Keywords:

• anti-oxidant enzyme
• grapevine
• salinity stress
• selenate sodium

Acknowledgment

The authors dedicate their special thanks to Dr. Nematullah Shomoossi, associate professor of ELT of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences for kindly English language editing of current manuscript.

Conflict of interest

No conflict of interest was reported by the authors.