Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) inoculation through characterization and identification of soil bacteria

Abstract

Rhizobacteria stimulate plant growth, and are profoundly known for increasing crop production and lowering crop input costs by replacing chemical fertilizer applications. The application of PGPR (Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria) not only regulates the nutritional and hormonal balance of plants, but also increases resistance against plant pathogens. The interaction of PGPR with bulk soil or with microbes in the rhizosphere indirectly boosts plant growth rates, and PGPR can be declared a biofertilizer. Therefore, the intent of the study was to analyze the influence of indigenous rhizospheric bacteria and the mode of action of PGPR on improved yield (Triticum aestivum L.) as a biofertilizer under both in vivo and in vitro conditions. Based on their engagement in producing ACC (Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) deaminase, phosphorus solubilization, indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, potential strains have been identified. PGPR with the recommended dose urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and Muriate of potash (MOP) were utilized. Inoculants of wheat seeds with urea (CH₄N₂O), DAP [(NH₄)₂HPO⁴] and MOP enhanced the growth drastically. For half of the suggested doses of synthetic fertilizers and a strain consortium, the strains were used in various combinations to achieve a maximum yield compared to the single use of the recommended fertilizer dose and a strain consortium.16Sr RNA gene sequencing, fatty acid profile, and biology further established certain strains. An inoculated bacterium has greater capacity and leads to improved crop production, enhanced yield when spread in conjunction under field conditions and therefore can reduce chemical fertilizer use.

Keywords:

• biofertilizer
• inoculation
• PGPR
• strain
• wheat

Acknowledgment

Pakistan’s Higher Education Commission (HEC) offered study and training incentives and funds under China’s National High Technology Research and Development Plan (863) (no.2013AA102802) is highly acknowledged.

Additional information

Funding

This work was funded by Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.