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Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess the mineralization of 100 and 200 mg L−1 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) solutions by ozonation-biological treatment. The results show that starting from a 4-CP initial concentration from 100 to 500 mg L−1 and using an ozone flow rate of 5.44 and 7.57 g h−1, 4-CP was completely removed. A kinetic constant around 9·10−2 min−1 was calculated for the ozone direct attack. The biodegradability (BOD5/COD) of the pre-ozonated solutions increased from 0 until a range between 0.2–0.37. The combination of the ozonation and aerobic biological treatment in an aerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) gave an abatement of more than 90% of the initial TOC.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors would like to thank the “Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia” of Spain (project CTQ2005-00446) and the Brazilian “Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico” (CNPq) for the financial support.
Notes
Bacardit, J., O. Gonzalez, V. Garcia-Molina, R.F. Dantas, S. Contreras, E. Chamarro, C. Sans, and S. Esplugas, “Start-up of a Coupled Chemical-Biological System for the Abatement of 4-Chlorophenol: Preliminary Study”, Photocatalytic and Advanced Oxidation Process for the Treatment of Air, Water, Soil and Surfaces (London, England: 2005). Redox Technologies Inc. p. 367–373.
Grimwood, M. and R. Mascarenhas, “Proposed Environmental Quality Standards for 2-, 3- and 4-Chlorophenol and 2,4-Dichlorophenol in Water”, Environment Agency Technical Report, 1997. P46/i688, WR Report No. EA4215.