Formulation of a Stable Multiple Emulsion via a One-Step Process Using Surface Properties of the Mixed Emulsifiers

Abstract

Multiple emulsions are often stabilized using a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfactants. The ratio of surfactants is important in achieving stable multiple emulsions. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of surface properties of mixed emulsifiers on multiple emulsion formulation and its stability. In addition, the effects of surfactant concentrations on emulsion bulk rheological properties were investigated. From the surface tension measurements, the concentrations of the two emulsifiers were deduced. A multiple emulsion was then prepared using theses quantities of surfactants via a one-step emulsification process and its stability was evaluated by investigation of the tracer release. The conductivity tests carried out to follow the release of the electrolyte, together with microscopic analyses showed that the rate of encapsulation is sensitive to emulsification conditions.

Keywords:

• Mixed emulsifiers
• multiple emulsion
• release mechanism
• rheology
• stability
• surface tension

Notes

H: Homogeneous, PS: Phase separation.