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Abstract
In this work, we have tested various formulations in order to get emulsions containing pure water, Tunisian olive oil, Tunisian clays, and an ammonium salt. Two different types of clays: smectite and kaolinite and the cethyltrimethylamonium bromide (CTAB) were tested. CTAB is used as surfactant and a compound modifying the clays properties. The amount of CTAB being fixed at 0.66 w/w, the proportions of clays were varied from 0 to 9% for each of the following proportions of water: 10, 20, 30%. To the aqueous phase obtained by mixing two separate aqueous phases: water + CTAB and water + clay, the oil was added drop by drop, the agitation being maintained at 5000 rpm. The obtained mixtures were analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy and bottle tests. An optimized formulation containing water (30%), smectite clay (5.3%) and CTAB (0.66%) was found to give W/O emulsions which kinetic stability is greater than 75 days regarding coalescence and greater than 700 hours regarding sedimentation.
Acknowledgments
M. B. C. wishes to thank the Tunisian “Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Technology” and the “French institute of cooperation” in Tunisia for financial support.